A Confirmatory Analysis of Food Security in North Sumatera

2017

The role of nutrition in the health area, increasing efficiency and its relationship with economic development has been approved through extensive research in the world using scientific foundations and empirical evidence. Therefore, accessing to food security is the basic pillar of development. The main purpose of this study was to investigate the role of socioeconomic factors affecting the food security of rural households in Nahavand County, Iran. The statistical population consisted of 26599 rural households of Nahavand County that 255 people were selected using Cochran formula and stratified random sampling technique. A questionnaire was used to data collection, which its validity was confirmed by a panel of faculty members in the University of Tehran and its reliability was confirmed by Cronbach's alpha which its range was 0.72 to 0.91 for different sections of the questionnaire. Data analysis was performed in two parts of descriptive and inferential statistics using the so...

Agrekon, 1996

A study carried in 1995, among I 97 randomly selected rural households from five selected districts of the Northern Province indicate a high incidence of and variability in household food security. Households in two districts of Nebo and Botlokwa are totally food insecure, while that of Seshego remain vulnerable and those in Venda and Gyani districts seem food secure. Based on calculations of the minimum daily calorie requirements of adults equivalents (2205 cal/day) for the sample, 58%,17% and 25% are classified as food in secured, vulnerable and secured, respectively. Respondents perceive drought and lack of income as the causal factors of food shortages. Dependence on community /social networks, own food production, employment seeking and asset accumulation are the short and long run coping strategies adopted by the households. Intensifying staple food production, would help expanding food access to the poor and vulnerable groups and enhancing participatory agricultural and rural development through strengthened support services are recommended as possible options and strategies.

Academic Paper , 2022

The main objective of this study were determinants of food security among the farm household in Dila district, Awdal Somaliland and provide the questionnaire method which measuring the determinant of food security using my case study. This was carried out by the farmers in Dila and some Somaliland institutions which related to their duties. The research was conducted through the quantitative method, the target of the respondents was 80 individuals including Dila farmers and Somaliland production institutions. The study made four findings, first, the status of food security on farm households was determined was stable or good status, in terms of local productions. Secondly, the determinants of food security on farm households by the local productions, Rain harvest and farm size, soil fertilizer and farmer, technology and local farmers. Thirdly, the status of the main challenges facing the farms' production was judged to strongly disagree and therefore suspected to have a negative effect on the quality of local production in Dila District. Finally, the status of policies and strategies to address and tackle the challenges strongly disagree and was considered to have a negative effect on food security in the Dila district. The major recommendations are, to adopt high-yielding production droughts tolerate in crop varieties and the Somaliland government, to establish comprehensive strategies focusing to mitigate that faced the farmers

Springer, 2021

Background: Food security is considered a pivotal factor for the sustainable development of communities and focus on this issue in rural areas. More specifically it is of paramount importance in developing countries. Accordingly, this descriptive-analytical study aimed to evaluate the status of food security in rural areas of Iran. The main originality of the present study is to assess the strategic future-oriented vision for food security in addition to the evaluation of the current status of the studied area. Methodology: Data were collected using the standard questionnaire of U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) and a researcher-made close-ended questionnaire. The validity and reliability of the research instrument were confirmed by a panel of specialists and Cronbach’s alpha coefficients, respectively. In addition, data analysis was performed using SPSS24 (to analyze the descriptive statistics) and Fuzzy Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Situation (FTOPSIS). Results: According to the results, 80% of the villagers suffered from food insecurity (25% in low food insecurity situation, 42% in moderate food insecurity situation, and 13% in severe food insecurity situation). Evaluation of the factors affecting food insecurity demonstrated that economic (standardized weight of 0.566), stability (standardized weight of 0.559), and availability (standardized weight of 0.558) were the most important components affecting food insecurity. Moreover, in a systemic approach, the growth of migration from rural to urban areas, pressure on water and soil resources, and the occurrence of environmental hazards are of the most significant consequences of food insecurity. In addition, due to the excessive use of underground water for cucurbits, which is the dominant cultivation pattern in this region, the groundwater level has dropped sharply in some villages farther from the city which can be alarming for exacerbating food insecurity in the near future. Conclusion: Since the low-income level of villagers, lack of job diversity, and lack of access to adequate food are the main reasons for food insecurity; in this respect, is suggested that more attention be paid to the development of occupations and job diversity in these regions by decision-makers and policy-makers.

Journal of Research in Business, Economics, and Education, 2020

This study aims at provide information about the development of food security model in North Sumatra Province. This study was carried out in the districts and the cities. The data have been collected from various institutions from Agricultural Office, Food Security Office and Statical office of North Sumatera province. It also collects secondary data which are covering various aspects of food production, to enrich the study, I have been interviewing stakeholders who responsible to manage food security development. Analysis Confirmatory Factor Analysis Model is used to analyze factors affecting food security The results of the study shows the results of speed analysis in aspects of food production, so far the value of production has always dropped, general production modeling is only 80% and relatively an average of 20% every year which must be issued by import from other countries.

Sustainability, 2023

Urban agriculture is crucial in improving food security through the diversity of food produced by urban farmers. However, there have not been many studies that discuss the food security of urban farmers of three types simultaneously, i.e., subsistence, semi-commercial, and commercial. Therefore, this study has the benefit of looking at the food security condition of urban farmer households. This research was conducted in the North Bandung area, West Java, Indonesia. A sequential mixed method was used to collect quantitative and qualitative data to determine the condition of food security in each urban farmer household. A total of 321 households were used as respondents for this study, consisting of 107 subsistence agriculture households, 107 semi-commercial agriculture households, and 107 commercial agriculture households. Our study found that the average calorie adequacy of farmer households in all urban agriculture types (subsistence, semicommercial, and commercial) was 84.53%. Meanwhile, the proportion of household food expenditure in all urban agriculture averaged 64.78%. In relation to food security, 53.89% of respondents were included in the food-vulnerable category and only 25.86% of the urban farmer households were included in the food-secure category. The highest food security rate was found in commercial urban agriculture households, which reached 28.04%. In general, these data reflect low household food security across all types of urban agriculture. This reality can be caused by various factors, including limited resources, dependence on food purchases, and interference from external parties.

Food Security Survey on 300 Household concerning: - Food Utilization - Food Availability (Improved Food Consumption Score) - Food Access (Coping Strategy Index) - Microcredit: what impact on FS?

Journal of Geography and Regional Planning, 2012

In the present study the authors have attempted to analyse the condition of food security in the Bundelkhand region of Uttar Pradesh at district level. Bundelkhand region has been chosen as a unit of study because it is one of the poorest regions in comparison with western, central and eastern regions of the state and even after being in close proximity to heartland of green revolution (Punjab, Haryana and Western Uttar Pradesh) the region is still backward in agricultural development in India in general. Agriculture is the mainstay of the economy and mostly dependent on monsoonal rainfall. The Bundelkhand is continuously facing drought since last few years and people are migrating for employment. Thus, there is an urgent need to look after the conditions of food security of the people living in this region. The standard statistical techniques have been used for the analysis of data. The study concludes that the condition of food security is unfavourable. Only one district of Jalaun has shown high food security. Majority of the districts are moderate and low food secure because of low food grain availability, low purchasing power of the people, etc. The irrigation facilities are also not well developed leading to low consumption of fertilizer and low productivity of crops. Employment rate, rate of urbanization, storage capacity and number of fair prices shops are also not satisfactory leading to pitiable food security condition in the study area.

Advances in economics, business and management research, 2023

Food is a basic need of every human being in the world, so that the problem of food is a global problem and the responsibility of all parties. This study aims to examine the characteristics of rice consumers who are consumers of premium rice produced by LUPM which is a government establishment. The LUPM function is carried out by Gapoktan which then partners with Toko Tani in distributing rice for consumers. PUPM was formed by the government with the aim of maintaining stability and food availability for low-income people. This study aims to formulating a regional food security model based on the relationship between the characteristics of production, consumption and entrepreneurship areas with the performance of the community's food business in NTT Province based on consumer perceptions. The research locations are in six areas in NTT namely Ende, Manggarai, West Manggarai, Southwest Sumba, North Central Timor and Kupang, which have Farmer Shops designated by the government as LUPM partners. Farm in six randomly selected government-defined blood. The distribution of sampling is done proportionally. The data analysis technique used is descriptive statistics and non-parametric statistics, namely Partial Least Square (PLS). The results of the structural model analysis based on consumer perceptions of rice show empirically strong evidence to accept the proposed hypothesis, namely the characteristics of production, consumption and entrepreneurship areas simultaneously affect the performance of PUPM in NTT Province in realizing food security. Therefore, in order to achieve good PUPM performance, it is necessary to pay attention to consumer characteristics so that food security for the NTT community can be realized.

2018

Realizing food security in Indonesia is facing multidimensional problems and challenges in terms of economic aspects. Meanwhile, the challenges to achieve food security at the macro level are becoming increasingly difficult as the trend of food supply and demand is moving towards the opposite direction. In terms of supply, food supply is predicted to be increasingly difficult due to the physical, economical and environmental constraints on its growth. On the other hand, in terms of demand, it is predicted that food demand will continue to grow in line with the population growth, economic development, and the dynamics of the strategic environment. East Java has a great potential for supporting national food security due to its relative extent of agricultural land. In addition, the overflow of production factors in the form of land is the capital for East Java to develop the agricultural sector for improving food security. This study aims to describe the potential of food security and...

IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 2019

Food security is a situation that exists when everyone has physical, social and economic access to healthy, nutritious food that meets his/her dietary needs and dietary preferences, as well as active and healthy life. The data needed to measure the level of food security index are the availability of food, access to food, and the use of food. In addition to measuring the level of food security, this study also measured livelihood assets owned by the community. The data needed to measure the livelihood assets of the community are human assets, social assets, and economic assets. The method used in this research was descriptive quantitative with the result of the vulnerability index, CFA analysis (confirmation factor analysis) with the result of the subsistence asset building factors, and SEM analysis with the result of the relationship of latent variables between livelihood assets. The purpose of this study is to determine the level of food security, the factors that constitute livel...

Journal of Research and Rural Planning, 2020

Purpose- Food security (FS) is defined as sustainable access to safe and nutritious food for a healthy and active life. The present study was designed to investigate and determine FS status of rural households and the relevant influential factors. It was conducted on 432 rural households in six subdistricts of two districts of Sarpolzahab, West of Iran, in 2016. Design/methodology/approach- The samples were selected using random cluster sampling, and FS status was assessed using United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) household FS questionnaire. Therefore, both socio-economic questionnaire and the household FS questionnaire were completed during a face to face interview. Data were analyzed using the statistical software package SPSS-22. Chi-square, Mann-Whitney, Kruskal-Wallis, and forward multiple logistic regression were used for data analysis. Findings- Prevalence of food insecurity (FI) in all of the surveyed households was 65.3%, and household FS status between the subdi...

International Journal of Social Economics, 2012

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to estimate those variables which have significant impact on the food security in a developing country such as Pakistan. The matter of food security in rural areas is of immense nature and needs to be probed. A number of factors are responsible for the situation. The current paper examines the determinants of three aspects of food security in rural areas of Pakistan, i.e. food availability, accessibility and absorption.Design/methodology/approachTo estimate the determinants of each component, a series of models is created, in which each component of food security is a function of socio‐economic variables. Ordinary least square regression is used to estimate the coefficients.FindingsIt has been observed from the results that the production of wheat, rice, maize, pulses, oilseeds, poultry meat and fish at the district level is found to affect food availability positively. All the district, except Sindh, is more probable to be food insecure in availa...

Forum Geografi, 2022

Food security is a burden to realize sustainable development in achieving the zerohunger goal. This study aimed to examine the distribution of food security levels and the factors that influence the level of food security in the Special Region of Yogyakarta. Quantitative analysis was carried out in this study based on secondary data. The method of determining food security was carried out by applying the concept of the Food Security and Vulnerability Atlas (FSVA) which consists of three food pillars, namely food availability, access, and utilization. The results proved that Gunungkidul Regency was the area with the highest score for food availability, while the lowest were Bantul and Sleman. On the pillars of food access and food utilization, the highest was in Sleman, while the lowest was in Gunungkidul. The value of food security from the highest were the City of Yogyakarta (84.47), Sleman Regency (82.37), Bantul (79, 51), Gunungkidul (79.31), and Kulon Progo (79.03). All areas in...

The issue of food security is considered an inseparable part of international development policies, so creating a nationally effective system to ensure food security, in addition to supporting the nutrition and health of the community, improves food industry status and increases production and income levels. To this end, the present study was carried out to identify the essential requirements for establishing innovative rural institutions to improve the food security of rice growers in Mazandaran, Iran. Economic, socio-cultural, infrastructure, policy-making, educational, and technical requirements were investigated, with each considered an observed variable with some items for each and to survey the impact of them on dimensions of food security and finally food security itself. The dependent variable was food security, measured by the five dimensions of availability, access, use, sustainability and safety. From a total of 113,141 rice growers in Mazandaran Province, Iran 216 were selected as the sample according to the Cochran method. Structural equation modelling and Amos 22 software were used in this study. The results showed that all six requirements mentioned above have an effect on food security, with technical requirements exhibiting the greatest effect, with a coefficient of 0.914. Suggestions are proposed for implementing these requirements.