Agribusiness

This descriptive comparative research examined agribusiness as an attractive place to work from the perspective of agriculture industry professionals, intending to increase youth motivation, particularly among many newly graduated students, to join the field. Eighty (80) workers responded to the Survey Questionnaire with indicators of Job Content, Economic Benefits, Career Opportunities, Social Relations, and Reputation. Also compared were moderating variables such as sex, educational attainment, and industry engagement. Results showed that the level of appeal of industry workers to Agribusiness was 3.56, indicating that Agribusiness is exceptionally desirable across all metrics. The result further shows that there is no significant difference in the level of attractiveness as perceived by the industry workers when grouped according to sex (p-value=.230), educational attainment (p-value=.511), and industry engagement (p-value=.057). This value implies that Agribusiness is equally attractive across all groups. This study recommends that the college, particularly the Bachelor of Agriculture Technology department, focus on improvement and programs that would usher the graduates to their full potential. It was suggested that agribusiness courses be designed to equip graduates with knowledge and skills in managerial and decision-making capacities.

This descriptive comparative research examined agribusiness as an attractive place to work from the perspective of agriculture industry professionals, intending to increase youth motivation, particularly among many newly graduated students, to join the field. Eighty (80) workers responded to the Survey Questionnaire with indicators of Job Content, Economic Benefits, Career Opportunities, Social Relations, and Reputation. Also compared were moderating variables such as sex, educational attainment, and industry engagement. Results showed that the level of appeal of industry workers to Agribusiness was 3.56, indicating that Agribusiness is exceptionally desirable across all metrics. The result further shows that there is no significant difference in the level of attractiveness as perceived by the industry workers when grouped according to sex (p-value=.230), educational attainment (p-value=.511), and industry engagement (p-value=.057). This value implies that Agribusiness is equally at...

referência conceitual 2 2. A expansão recente do agronegócio -questões e contradições derivadas 7 3. Dinâmicas complexas nas regiões de fronteira agrícolaanotações introdutórias 36 4. Conclusão 49 5. Referências 49 Nos últimos anos presenciamos no Brasil, a expansão em dimensões importantes, do modelo produtivo conhecido como agronegócio. Esse crescimento acelerado produziu aumentos expressivos na produção agropecuária, superávits na balança de comércio exterior, e dinamizou a economia de amplas regiões e setores, onde antes imperava a calmaria e o baixo dinamismo socioeconômico. Uma dessas regiões é conhecida hoje como sendo o "arco do desmatamento", região situada ao norte dos estados de Mato Grosso, Rondônia, Tocantins e sul do Pará, Maranhão e Piauí. Uma região que nas décadas anteriores viu brotar do meio da floresta e dos cerrados, fazendas de criação de gado e pequenas cidades, e enfrenta agora a aceleração do processo produtivo com a expansão do plantio das pastagens, da cultura da soja e algodão e a urbanização acelerada de sua população. Ocorre que, ao lado desse dinamismo econômico começam a surgir evidências de que a sustentabilidade desse modelo pode e deve ser questionada em vista da construção de novas estratégias de desenvolvimento, para uma das últimas regiões do mundo a conservar enorme biodiversidade em imensas áreas contínuas, de milhões de Kilômetros de extensão de florestas. Uma luta onde não está em jogo somente a floresta amazônica, mas possivelmente a vida de todo o planeta Terra. O presente artigo busca discutir essa evolução recente do agronegócio, sua expansão nas novas fronteiras agrícolas e seus impactos sobre aspectos ambientais e sociais, a fim de contribuir para a compreensão da dinâmica de sua evolução. Também procura abordar questões que explicitam as forças que estariam por trás dos recentes aumentos na taxa de desmatamento, utilizando para isso da análise das dinâmicas complexas nessas regiões de fronteira agrícola. As questões que procurarei aproximar preliminarmente com o trabalho seriam:  Quais fatores impactam direta e indiretamente sobre a evolução socioeconômica da região do arco do desmatamento?  Qual a relação direta e indireta entre soja, pecuária e desmatamento?  Qual o efeito dos mercados externo e interno sobre a expansão do agronegócio?  Qual o papel das políticas públicas, em especial das políticas ambientais sobre a restrição/evolução ao agronegócio nas regiões de fronteira? Pretendo, portanto, analisar, de forma preliminar, a partir dos elementos coletados, as relações e condicionantes que levaram à expansão do agronegócio nas regiões de fronteira agrícola, e verificar como se materializam e evoluem as interfaces mercado -políticas públicas nessas regiões. O trabalho está organizado em quatro capítulos. No primeiro procuro abordar brevemente os principais conceitos utilizados no texto, sem, contudo fazer uma reflexão teórica exaustiva ou definitiva sobre os mesmos. No segundo capítulo abordo a evolução sofrida pelo agronegócio brasileiro nas últimas décadas em todo o país, focando a partir do início da década de 1950, quando começa a se constituir a agricultura "moderna" que temos atualmente. No terceiro capítulo busco refletir sobre a influência de diversas políticas públicas sobre a região de fronteira agrícola brasileira, ao longo das últimas décadas. É um exercício ainda preliminar, que aponta elementos a serem aprofundados proximamente em vista da tese. No quarto capítulo desenvolvo o que seria a primeira aproximação da análise que procura levar em conta a complexidade de fatores atuando sobre a dinâmica da fronteira agrícola brasileira. Esse capítulo deveria apontar o que poderia ser a riqueza de uma análise que parte do pressuposto que a leitura da realidade deva incorporar as diversas dimensões de modo a dar conta da complexidade real das relações socioeconômicas e ambientais que perpassam a região de fronteira agrícola. Talvez este seja o capítulo em que tenha conseguido menos evoluir, dado que ele representa um capítulo de síntese, onde espero ser possível revisitar os processos, buscando interpretá-los na sua dimensão de complexidade. Contudo, o estágio atual de elaboração e domínio teórico-empírico sobre as dinâmicas regionais não me permite avançar tanto quanto gostaria, assim como o tempo de maturação de minha reflexão ainda não cumpriu seu ciclo. Espero, ainda que com essas limitações, poder contribuir para uma melhor compreensão dos fenômenos inerentes ao processo de constituição e evolução recente das regiões de fronteira, tanto em termos de identificação, ainda que parcial, do estado da arte sobre o tema, como também no levantamento de novas questões e indagações a serem aprofundadas proximamente, nos outros trabalhos. Para fins das análises propostas para o presente estudo utilizarei os seguintes conceitos: fronteira agrícola, territorialidade, agronegócio, e sustentabilidade. Para José de Souza Martins a fronteira se referiria as áreas pouco acessíveis e despovoadas, cuja ocupação se daria mediante a incorporação de áreas à produção para o mercado. Ele a caracteriza como "um espaço social e tempo histórico nos quais os diferentes e os desiguais se encontram e se desencontram em constantes relações de conflitos e tensão, e nos quais o outro é percebido como alguém inferior, selvagem, e que pode e é dominado e explorado (In Sayago, 2004, pág. 142). Para Bertha Becker ( ), a fronteira é um termo genérico que designa um componente do sistema espacial em formação (fronteira agrícola, mineral, de recursos naturais). Como tal, é um espaço não plenamente estruturado e por isso mesmo, potencialmente gerador de realidades novas, que, no entanto, evolui se estabilizando, surgindo novas dinâmicas, contextos diferenciados e gerando identidade cultural. (Sayago, Tourrand e Bursztyn, 2004). Em relação à Amazônia, BECKER afirma que, como resultado de uma configuração complexa a Amazônia não é mais apenas uma fronteira móvel, adquirindo uma dinâmica regional própria. Existem várias fronteiras em coexistência na região. É impossível hoje, mais do que nunca, compreender o que se passa num lugar e, consequentemente, conceber e implantar políticas públicas adequadas, sem considerar os interesses e as ações conflituosas das diferentes escalas geográficas. Para o escopo do presente trabalho estamos adotando esse conceito de BECKER onde a fronteira se caracterizaria como um componente do sistema espacial em formação, um espaço não

referência conceitual 2 2. A expansão recente do agronegócio -questões e contradições derivadas 7 3. Dinâmicas complexas nas regiões de fronteira agrícolaanotações introdutórias 36 4. Conclusão 49 5. Referências 49 Nos últimos anos presenciamos no Brasil, a expansão em dimensões importantes, do modelo produtivo conhecido como agronegócio. Esse crescimento acelerado produziu aumentos expressivos na produção agropecuária, superávits na balança de comércio exterior, e dinamizou a economia de amplas regiões e setores, onde antes imperava a calmaria e o baixo dinamismo socioeconômico. Uma dessas regiões é conhecida hoje como sendo o "arco do desmatamento", região situada ao norte dos estados de Mato Grosso, Rondônia, Tocantins e sul do Pará, Maranhão e Piauí. Uma região que nas décadas anteriores viu brotar do meio da floresta e dos cerrados, fazendas de criação de gado e pequenas cidades, e enfrenta agora a aceleração do processo produtivo com a expansão do plantio das pastagens, da cultura da soja e algodão e a urbanização acelerada de sua população. Ocorre que, ao lado desse dinamismo econômico começam a surgir evidências de que a sustentabilidade desse modelo pode e deve ser questionada em vista da construção de novas estratégias de desenvolvimento, para uma das últimas regiões do mundo a conservar enorme biodiversidade em imensas áreas contínuas, de milhões de Kilômetros de extensão de florestas. Uma luta onde não está em jogo somente a floresta amazônica, mas possivelmente a vida de todo o planeta Terra. O presente artigo busca discutir essa evolução recente do agronegócio, sua expansão nas novas fronteiras agrícolas e seus impactos sobre aspectos ambientais e sociais, a fim de contribuir para a compreensão da dinâmica de sua evolução. Também procura abordar questões que explicitam as forças que estariam por trás dos recentes aumentos na taxa de desmatamento, utilizando para isso da análise das dinâmicas complexas nessas regiões de fronteira agrícola. As questões que procurarei aproximar preliminarmente com o trabalho seriam:  Quais fatores impactam direta e indiretamente sobre a evolução socioeconômica da região do arco do desmatamento?  Qual a relação direta e indireta entre soja, pecuária e desmatamento?  Qual o efeito dos mercados externo e interno sobre a expansão do agronegócio?  Qual o papel das políticas públicas, em especial das políticas ambientais sobre a restrição/evolução ao agronegócio nas regiões de fronteira? Pretendo, portanto, analisar, de forma preliminar, a partir dos elementos coletados, as relações e condicionantes que levaram à expansão do agronegócio nas regiões de fronteira agrícola, e verificar como se materializam e evoluem as interfaces mercado -políticas públicas nessas regiões. O trabalho está organizado em quatro capítulos. No primeiro procuro abordar brevemente os principais conceitos utilizados no texto, sem, contudo fazer uma reflexão teórica exaustiva ou definitiva sobre os mesmos. No segundo capítulo abordo a evolução sofrida pelo agronegócio brasileiro nas últimas décadas em todo o país, focando a partir do início da década de 1950, quando começa a se constituir a agricultura "moderna" que temos atualmente. No terceiro capítulo busco refletir sobre a influência de diversas políticas públicas sobre a região de fronteira agrícola brasileira, ao longo das últimas décadas. É um exercício ainda preliminar, que aponta elementos a serem aprofundados proximamente em vista da tese. No quarto capítulo desenvolvo o que seria a primeira aproximação da análise que procura levar em conta a complexidade de fatores atuando sobre a dinâmica da fronteira agrícola brasileira. Esse capítulo deveria apontar o que poderia ser a riqueza de uma análise que parte do pressuposto que a leitura da realidade deva incorporar as diversas dimensões de modo a dar conta da complexidade real das relações socioeconômicas e ambientais que perpassam a região de fronteira agrícola. Talvez este seja o capítulo em que tenha conseguido menos evoluir, dado que ele representa um capítulo de síntese, onde espero ser possível revisitar os processos, buscando interpretá-los na sua dimensão de complexidade. Contudo, o estágio atual de elaboração e domínio teórico-empírico sobre as dinâmicas regionais não me permite avançar tanto quanto gostaria, assim como o tempo de maturação de minha reflexão ainda não cumpriu seu ciclo. Espero, ainda que com essas limitações, poder contribuir para uma melhor compreensão dos fenômenos inerentes ao processo de constituição e evolução recente das regiões de fronteira, tanto em termos de identificação, ainda que parcial, do estado da arte sobre o tema, como também no levantamento de novas questões e indagações a serem aprofundadas proximamente, nos outros trabalhos. Para fins das análises propostas para o presente estudo utilizarei os seguintes conceitos: fronteira agrícola, territorialidade, agronegócio, e sustentabilidade. Para José de Souza Martins a fronteira se referiria as áreas pouco acessíveis e despovoadas, cuja ocupação se daria mediante a incorporação de áreas à produção para o mercado. Ele a caracteriza como "um espaço social e tempo histórico nos quais os diferentes e os desiguais se encontram e se desencontram em constantes relações de conflitos e tensão, e nos quais o outro é percebido como alguém inferior, selvagem, e que pode e é dominado e explorado (In Sayago, 2004, pág. 142). Para Bertha Becker ( ), a fronteira é um termo genérico que designa um componente do sistema espacial em formação (fronteira agrícola, mineral, de recursos naturais). Como tal, é um espaço não plenamente estruturado e por isso mesmo, potencialmente gerador de realidades novas, que, no entanto, evolui se estabilizando, surgindo novas dinâmicas, contextos diferenciados e gerando identidade cultural. (Sayago, Tourrand e Bursztyn, 2004). Em relação à Amazônia, BECKER afirma que, como resultado de uma configuração complexa a Amazônia não é mais apenas uma fronteira móvel, adquirindo uma dinâmica regional própria. Existem várias fronteiras em coexistência na região. É impossível hoje, mais do que nunca, compreender o que se passa num lugar e, consequentemente, conceber e implantar políticas públicas adequadas, sem considerar os interesses e as ações conflituosas das diferentes escalas geográficas. Para o escopo do presente trabalho estamos adotando esse conceito de BECKER onde a fronteira se caracterizaria como um componente do sistema espacial em formação, um espaço não

Objective: This study analyzed the stages of the material storage process in an industry that operates in the industrial hub of Manaus. Theoretical Framework: The research was based on the theories of processes and storage to build a theoretical architecture that summarizes the state of the art. Method: The method used was a survey, with data collected using a semistructured interview script and another observation script, analyzed using the client-supplier technique and organized using tables summarizing the stages and their contents and objectives. Results and Discussion: The results showed that a) there are eight stages in the storage process used, including a previous stage of weighing the material; b) the more complex stages are performed with a greater number of sub-stages, which allows for fewer failures in the operations as the labor force and technological instruments are specialized in their execution; and c) the specific objectives of each stage are aligned with the intended objective of the storage process. Implications of the Research: The findings show that the empirically observed stages are in line with the theoretical architecture of the study, with the first and last stages being, respectively, reception and dispatch, and the intermediate stages varying according to the type of material and specificities of the production process. Originality/Value: The main contributions of the study to science were the proposition of a conceptual definition for the materials storage process and the confirmation that this process begins with reception and ends with dispatch, differing in the intermediate stages.

Globalization, industrialization and structural changes in traditional rural employment patterns have caused rural communities such as the Israeli Kibbutz to search for development strategies in order to survive. Self development constitutes one possible approach to community development. It nurtures local entrepreneurial activities and relies basically on local resources in order to create new jobs and economic activities. These local activities of entrepreneurship generate variety and leverage resources and can therefore foster social capital development and contribute to the community's capacity. Community development requires a mix of resources including natural capital, produced economic capital, human capital and institutional capital. Social capital is the glue that holds them together, a network of social relations based upon norms of trust and reciprocity leading to outcomes of mutual benefits. Thus, social capital reflects the ability of community members to participate, cooperate, organize and interact. Since many rural communities such as the kibbutz are undergoing processes of crisis and change, innovative initiatives potentially promoting economic independence of individuals and development of the community are of major importance. Rather than assuming that entrepreneurship is primarily the outcome of social capital, this study focuses upon the interdependency of entrepreneurship and forms of capital required for community development.

Розглядається питання вибору методів відновлення зношених валів в умовах ремонтних підприємств аграрного сектору. Результати проведених досліджень відновлення показують, що найбільш доцільним є використання вібродугового наплавлення порош. Ключові слова: ремонтновідновлювальні роботи, вібродугове наплавлення. О. В. іванкова, О. В. Гудзенко Актуальною проблемою при проведенні ремонтно-відновлювальних робіт деталей є підвищення ресурсу машин. Один з ефективних шляхів вирішення проблеми високопродуктивне механізоване наплавлення. Основним технологічним процесом відновлення валів як у нашій країні, так і за рубежем є наплавлення вуглецевим та самозахисним порошковим дротом. При виконанні наплавлювальних робіт однією з головних задач є забезпечення високої продуктивності процесу, яку можна підвищити двома шляхами: прямим, безпосередньо збільшуючи кількісні показники наплавлення, або непрямим, зменшуючи частку основного металу в наплавленому шарі, тим самим, зменшуючи кількість шарів, необхідних для одержання заданого складу наплавленого металу. При цьому необхідним є забезпечення необхідних показників якості відновлення: ступінь легування наплавленого металу, показники твердості та зносостійкості, що забезпечуються утворенням певних внутрішніх структур сталі.

The technological process of restoration of worn parts of agricultural production equipment by the method of vibrational deformation is considered.The conducted analysis of defects and wear showed that about 70% of worn bushings can be restored, the aver

В кузове установлен корпус с размещенной в нем смесительной камерой с лопастным барабаном, уплотнительным транспортером. В передней части рамы установлен навозный насос с приводом от ВОМ трактора. Лопастной барабан изготовлен в виде вала с шарнирносочленёнными лопатками. Уплотнительный транспортер можно устанавливать под разным углом, регулируя тем самым толщину соломы, которая подается в смесительную камеру. В работе проанализирована зависимость эффективности использования мобильных машин для измельчения и разбрасывания органических удобрений от прямых эксплуатационных расходов для малых семейных ферм для измельчения. Установлено, что эффективность использования машины для измельчения и разбрасывания органических удобрений на базе ПРТ-10 самая высокая, что дает возможность эксплуатировать машину на малых молочных фермах. На семейных молочных фермах целесообразно использовать мобильных смесителей ПРТ-10. Он является наиболее эффективным в использовании. Его универсальная конструкция позволяет нам модернизировать барабан для измельчения навоза, что дает возможность укладывать полученную навозную смесь в бурты и для внесения навоза на поля. Ключевые слова: твердые органические удобрения, вал для измельчения удобрений, измельчитель, гной, семейная ферма.

Walter A. Pengue es Ingeniero Agronomo con orientacion en Genetica Vegetal, Magister en Politicas Ambientales y Territoriales por la Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA), y Doctor en Agroecologia, Sociologia y Desarrollo Rural por la Universidad de Cordoba, Espana. Profesor de Economia Ecologica y Agroecologia, y disciplinas vinculadas al ambiente en universidades nacionales y extranjeras, Pengue promueve activamente la investigacion y el trabajo sobre la produccion sostenible de alimentos y el uso adecuado de los recursos naturales. Fue miembro del Consejo Cientifco de la Sociedad Internacional de Economia Ecologica y de su Board Mundial, Presidente de la Sociedad Argentino-Uruguaya de Economia Ecologica (2008-2010) y es conferencista internacional sobre temas ambientales, el sistema agroalimentario y los recursos naturales. Ademas, es Miembro Cientifico de varios paneles de las Naciones Unidas, entre ellos el Panel de los Recursos, el de economia de los ecosistemas y la biodiversidad...

The National Socioeconomic Survey (SUSENAS) conducted in Indonesia in September 2021 found that the average consumption of red chili per month was 0.15 kilograms (kg) per capita per month. The average consumption of fresh chili per month is 40.90 thousand tons, and the cumulative total reached 490.83 thousand tons in 2021. Uneven chili production across time and region makes prices fluctuate, which affects inflation by 0.01-0.07%. Another problem is the imbalance of supply and demand between time and region, which impacts farmers' welfare. Setting planting time and location and improving distribution can solve these problems. The application of technology that can extend the life of fresh chilies for one month is a solution for chili distribution from farmers to areas with high demand. One-wave roasting and drying technology can extend chilies' freshness for six months. By producing chilies that have a shelf life of more than three months, it is possible to store them in Agricultural Economics and Agri-Food Business 2 warehouses using the warehouse receipt system. The application of the warehouse receipt system to chili commodities is also an alternative to solving postharvest problems. The distribution and application of technology that can extend the life of chili can increase its economic value and make chili not a commodity that contributes to Indonesian inflation.

The Institute for Sustainable Futures (ISF) was established by the University of Technology Sydney in 1996 to work with industry, government and the community to develop sustainable futures through research and consultancy. Our mission is to create change toward sustainable futures that protect and enhance the environment, human wellbeing and social equity. For further information visit: www.isf.uts.edu.au.

Farmer companies in Sri Lanka were established with the view to accelerating commercialization in non-plantation agriculture. However, due to various constraints they have failed to achieve expected objectives. Hence, in this study, we review the potential of a successful farmer company from the aspects of farmer perception, farmer company management and performance. A field survey and secondary published data were used for the study. The study revealed that farmer perception of the farmer company as a service provider and awareness gap between shareholders and the farmer company coupled with restriction on share capital ownership limited the ability of the farmer company to expand the share capital and its commercial activities. Therefore, there is a need to strengthen the capital base of the farmer companies to enable the expansion of commercial activities and attract more farmer participation. In this regard, the active participation of the agribusiness industry should be sought ...

Systemy przemysłowe w państwach o znacznej luce technologicznej charakteryzują się często niską konkurencyjnością objawiającą się niskim odsetkiem sprzedaży produktów wysokiej techniki na rynku międzynarodowym. Celem artykułu jest określenie kierunków i siły oddziaływania różnych faz cyklu koniunkturalnego na aktywność innowacyjną przedsiębiorstw przemysłowych. Osiągnięte rezultaty analiz potwierdziły występowanie cyklicznej działalności innowacyjnej w regionie wielkopolskim. Na podstawie analizy wykonanej na grupie 918 przedsiębiorstw przemysłowych przy wykorzystaniu regresji probitowej można stwierdzić, że w okresie ożywienia aktywność innowacyjna występuje znacznie częściej niż w pozostałych fazach cyklu koniunkturalnego -recesji i stagnacji. Koniunktura gospodarcza jest zatem istotnym i zmiennym w czasie czynnikiem wpływającym na decyzje innowacyjne przedsiębiorstw. Na tej podstawie zachodzi potrzeba odniesienia aktualnych warunków rynkowych do programowania oddziaływania na zjawisko procesu innowacyjnego w naszym kraju.

El objetivo de este trabajo es el estudio del desempeño, estrategias y posibilidades de adaptación de las cooperativas del vino en Castilla La-Mancha, comparando un periodo de expansión económica (2002)(2003)(2004)(2005)(2006) con un periodo de crisis (2007)(2008)(2009)(2010)(2011). Para ello se define un modelo de panel en el que se analiza la relación entre el desempeño económico y diferentes estrategias de gestión (del entorno, comerciales y de financiación). También se analiza el efecto de la actuación pública, en este contexto, valorando el impacto que las Ayudas del Fondo Europeo Agrícola de Desarrollo Rural 2007-2013, en promoción de las inversiones de modernización, han tenido sobre los resultados de las cooperativas. Los resultados muestran que el sector cooperativo del vino de Castilla-La Mancha ha demostrado su robustez y capacidad de adaptación en la actual crisis económica y financiera y que estas entidades de carácter social, se han adaptado mejor y más consistentemente a la nueva situación que las sociedades capitalistas, tras comparar los resultados con los obtenidos en otros trabajos. Así, las cooperativas muestran su viabilidad social y economía como modelo empresarial idiosincrático.

Corn stover is one of the most abundant agricultural residue, typically yielding 8 to 10 t of dry matter (DM)/ha. Leaving stover on the ground is beneficial for erosion control and soil organic matter renewal. However, several studies suggest that 50% of stover could be removed sustainably under appropriate conditions (negligible slope, no-till system, adequate rotation). Two major factors limit corn stover removal: cost of harvest and transport, and final end use. This paper addresses the first factor by considering several harvest options, mainly related to spring harvest. The objective is to develop a corn stover harvest, transport and storage simulation model by a systems approach. The model takes into account field machinery, field area, yield, distance and timeliness of operations. The weather data are used to take into account delay in stover collection. Empirical data collected during in-field operations, transport and handling are used as input for the dynamic simulation mo...

Banjarmasin is the most populated city in Kalimantan Island where the greater part of its area is located on a peat marsh. This causes the majority of its population have a narrow land size for gardening. Meanwhile, the price of basic commodities including vegetables which has constantly risen makes the household monthly expenditure further increased. In order to overcome the limited land size and to reduce household monthly expenditure among the people of Banjarmasin, this public service program was carried out. It constitutes a technology transfer of gardening using hydroponic system. The program takes the form of workshop and independent practice under the supervision of the organizing team. The result of the program indicates that major part of the participants has succeeded while the other part needed to repeat the gardening cycle using new seeds.

The transformation of wine regions is one of the few success stories in the Hungarian countryside since the political changes in 1989-90. This paper explores the features of the transformation process in the Villány wine region. Within two decades the region has gone through fi ve developmental stages, from mass production to a genuine rural experience economy. Breaking with the socialist mass production practice, local wine makers focused on quality, resulting in improved wine quality and the introduction of wine tourism. Out of the diffi cult situation after the political changes -high unemployment, bankruptcy of former companies and forced entrepreneurship -the small scale producers who started new ways of production and cooperation have achieved considerable success for themselves and their communities. This study identifi es the turning points and consecutive changes in the social and economic transformation of a wine community, its qualitative characteristics and consequences.

Micro, small, and medium-sized enterprises (MSME) are vital to economic growth, particularly in developing nations. In ambiguous and unpredictable business situations, strategic management in various industries has extensively used dynamic capabilities (DC) theory to pursue a competitive advantage. The objective of this study is to construct an integrated conceptual model for DC in MSME in the agribusiness sector. Using the PRISMA (preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analysis) protocol, the study employs a systematic literature review methodology in order to achieve the goals. A comprehensive search of the Scopus database using keywords and search strings returned 443 papers published between 2002 and 2022, with 26 relevant research highlighted and synthesized. The study results indicate that the integrated model of DC focuses on three aspects: the antecedent, the process, and the outcome. This article's findings should be regarded as a guide or road map for future empirical studies on the subject of DC in MSME.

In agriculture in the south and southeast region of Brazil there are many small family farms, but it is unusual to find studies dealing to the relationships between families in these enterprises. The article discusses this matter and emphasizes the important connection between individual plans of the family members and the competitiveness of the family farm. It also includes results of a research carried out in 2007 with 12 families in Botucatu (SP) region, and some advices to other researches and technical assistance directed to this agribusiness firms when property, management and work are members of the same family.

Under the K-12 program’s academic track, there are four strands: (1) accountancy, business, and management (ABM); (2) science and technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM); (3) humanities and social sciences (HUMSS); and (4) general academics (GAS). The program’s goal is to contextualize entrepreneurship in all of these strands and consequently develop the students’ entrepreneurial skills regardless of the strand. The study aimed to assess the individual personal entrepreneurial competency (PEC) levels of grade 12 students from various strands in three high schools in Los Baños, Laguna. A PEC survey was conducted among 193 grade 12 students from Christian School International (CSI), Maquiling School Inc. (MSI), and the UP Rural High School (UPRHS). The researchers analyzed the data using frequency analysis, Kruskal- Wallis test, and chi-square analysis. Out of the 10 PECs, the ABM track students (both from CSI and UPRHS) posted the highest scores in nine PECs. Unexpectedly, th...

Agricultural Production Cooperatives (APCs) in Iran have nearly a forty-year history. In the last decades, the Ministry of Agri-Jihad has devoted a considerable amount of time and budget to promote and establish APCs in order to alleviate rural poverty. The purpose of this study was to assess the rate of APCs' success in Kermanshah province in Iran. Using stratified random sampling, 311 members were selected across six APCs. A researcher-made questionnaire was used to collect data. Results revealed that the members have positive attitude towards the APCs. However, they were not very satisfied with the management of the APCs. Also, the APCs were not successful in fulfilling their members' needs. Given the gradual decline of both cooperative membership and the number of cooperatives in Iran, a good understanding of APCs success factors is necessary because a cooperative's success may depend on it.

This survey study aimed at identifying the factors influencing the success of animal husbandry cooperatives in Southwest Iran. Using a questionnaire, the data were collected from 95 managing directors of the cooperatives who were chosen through a multi-stage stratified random sampling method. This study showed an essential need for a systemic framework to analyze the cooperatives' success. The results showed that the "Honey Bee", "Cattle (dairy)", and "Lamb" cooperatives were the most successful among different kinds of the cooperatives. Also, among individual attributes, "interest", "technical knowledge", and "understanding the concept of cooperative"; among economic variables, "income" and "current investment"; and among external factors, "market access" have significant correlation with the success while structural variables have no significant relation. Furthermore, among all the factors, four variables ("interest", "understanding the concept of cooperative", "market access", and "other incomes") can explain the variations of the success.

This study focused on the assessment of expenditures by households on food consumption in commercial eateries in Abia State, Nigeria. Fifty households were randomly selected each from Aba north and Aba south local government areas of the state which make up the metropolis. Results showed that the average age of the respondents was 48 years and they spent 11.5 years in school. It also revealed that an average of N1030 was spent monthly by the respondents eating in commercial eateries in places like “bukas” (local restaurants) and food hawkers; and foods eaten were mainly “garri”, “akpu” (fufu), rice, yam, fried plantain, snacks and spaghetti. Most of these foods were eaten during lunch time. Males’ especially single persons, educational status, monthly income and breakfast before leaving home, were the major factors that influenced the amount spent on eating in these convenient eateries at given levels. The study recommended that proactive measures such as Mise en place be adopted es...

Las investigaciones en administración han sido llevadas a cabo con base en criterios homogeneizantes en el desarrollo de sus teorías, sus metodologías y sus modelos; además, al asumir una racionalidad única en la mirada de los comportamientos humanos, dejan de lado la posibilidad de comprender el universo variado y dinámico de las organizaciones empresariales.

Coffee is an important export commodity for Indonesia, which contributes a sizeable foreign exchange. Indonesian coffee production is still fluctuating. Simalungun is a regency in North Sumatera province which have significant potential for the development of Arabica coffee commodity. However, there are some obstacles in the development of arabica coffee farming including land resources utilization, aspects of cultivation, harvest and post-harvest, and institutional aspects. Therefore, it is necessary to formulate business development strategies for arabica coffe agribusiness. This study aims to determine priority strategies from various alternatives in developing Arabica coffee. Determination of the location of the study was done purposively. Respondents in this study were experts or key people who understoodarabika coffee agribusiness. The method used in determining respondents is purposive sampling. Primary data is obtained through direct interviews conducted with respondents and...

Cet article s'inscrivant dans une perspective socio-économique vise à mieux comprendre la persistance historique en France du recours à l'enchère pour commercialiser les bois publics. Il insiste sur la nécessité d'appréhender l'évolution des règles marchandes comme le résultat d'une construction sociale où les choix passés influencent le futur plutôt qu'un simple arbitrage économique du type « coût -avantage ». A ce titre, il est alors possible de mettre en avant l'existence d'une dépendance au chemin (Path Dependence) autour de l'enchère qui, en tant que matrice institutionnelle, participe à son tour à la structuration de la filière bois.

Pengelola pasar untuk konteks ini perlu dibantu dalam meningkatkan kapasitas dan pemberdayaan pasar, memanfaatkan potensi yang dimilikinya secara mandiri dan terakomodasi dalam pertumbuhan pasar, sesuai dengan ketentuan dan tuntutan perkembangan zaman. Pasar tradisional Ayamaru adalah salah satu penggerak utama perekonomian masyarakat di Distrik Ayamaru. Pengelolaan Pasar Ayamaru menuju pada pengembangan pasar yang lebih modern diharapkan pula ke depannya dapat meningkatkan pendapatan para pedagang, dengan menambah variasi komoditi, meningkatkan kualitas serta peningkatan sarana prasarana penunjang yang ada. Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah dengan wawancara, pengamatan (observasi) dan kepustakaan yang merupakan rujukan untuk menganalisis hasil penelitian. Sifat penelitian adalah deskriptif analisis. Penyusun menggambarkan tentang proses pengaruh pembangunan pasar rakyat terhadap pengelolaan ruang di Distrik Ayamaru dalam meningkatkan pendapatan pedagang terhadap strategi pengelolaan Pasar Ayamaru dalam meningkatkan pendapatan pedagang. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian terkait dengan pengaruh pembangunan pasar rakyat terhadap pengelolaan ruang di Distrik Ayamaru Kabupaten Maybrat, dengan melakukan analisis SWOT, maka dapat penulis simpulkan sebagai berikut: Strategi SO, strategi ini untuk memperbarui pengelolaan Pasar Ayamaru Kabupaten Maybrat yang telah diterapkan dengan tujuan untuk memaksimalkan kegiatan antar pegawai atau pegawai dengan pedagang. Strategi ST, promosi yang dilakukan dari mulut ke mulut atau melalui pamflet untuk mempromosikan hasil komoditi yang diperdagangkan. Strategi WO, strategi yang digunakan adalah kerjasama Pasar Ayamaru Kabupaten Maybrat, pedagang dan koperasi koperasi baik dari segi modal maupun input dan pemasaran produk. Strategi WT, penyuluhan yang diberikan seperti perlunya pengetahuan tentang menjaga kebersihan saat transaksi berlansung, penataan produk yang menarik minat konsumen.

Tourist village as a new trend of tourism that has been growing rapidly in Yogyakarta. Based on attractiveness, accessibility, facilities, community empowerment, marketing and promotion, institutional, and human resources, tourist villages are devided into growing, developing and developed categories. Wetland rice agrotourism offers attractions in tourist village that leads to increasing income of the perpetrators (main actors, supporting actors, and managers). This descriptive research aimed to compare agro-tourism perpetrators's income contribution to household income in various categories of tourist village in Yogyakarta. This research was purposively conducted in Gabugan, Pancoh and Pentingsari Village as representation of grow, developed, and advanced tourism villages. The result depicted that the contribution of wetland rice agrotourism to household income of all agro-tourism actors was low in all tourism village categories. This indicates that the wetland rice agro-tourism has not contributed significantly in supporting the domestic economy of the perpetrators. The results of the study show that the advanced tourism villages have a higher contribution of income compared to developing and growing tourism villages.

Estabeleceu-se como objetivo deste estudo aplicar as ferramentas do custeio variavel em uma propriedade rural que realiza cultivo de soja e milho para fins de gerar informacoes gerenciais sobre as culturas e com isso melhorar o processo de decisao e conhecimento das atividades agricolas pelo produtor rural. Os procedimentos metodologicos classificam a pesquisa como descritiva, documental, bibliografica e como pesquisa de campo; ja no que se refere a coleta dos dados, foi utilizada a tecnica documental referente a producao de soja e milho no periodo de 2017/2018 os quais se obteve junto ao produtor a partir de suas anotacoes, controles e outros documentos, que foram averiguados pelas modalidades de analise documental e de conteudo. Os resultados da pesquisa evidenciaram que a cultura do milho proporcionou uma margem de contribuicao de 36,26% e a de soja de 56,88%; com relacao ao ponto de equilibrio, o milho se da em 5.765,62 e a soja em 2.763,69; com relacao a margem de seguranca, fo...

The study centered on issues in e-marketing for prospective entrepreneurs in agribusiness. Four specific purposes guided the study. Questionnaire survey research design was used for this study. The study was carried out in Enugu. The population for this study was 369 respondents consisting of 28 lecturers, 56 agribusiness entrepreneurs and 285 cyber operators. Census and snowball sampling techniques were adopted for the study. An instrument titled: E-marketing Agribusiness Questionnaire (EAQ) was used for data collection. The instrument was face validated by 5 experts. Thirty-five copies of the questionnaire were trial tested on 10 lecturers, 10 agribusiness entrepreneurs and 15 cyber operators, giving a Cronbach Alpha coefficient of .73. Three hundred and fifty-five copies of EAQ were collected and analyzed using arithmetic mean and standard deviation to answer the research questions and ANOVA for testing the null hypothesis at 0.05 level significance. It was found that there are 1...

We review agricultural financing strategies in developed and developing economies in light of the risks that agricultural businesses face due to variations in weather conditions among other challenges. We specifically review Kenyan farmers’ agricultural risk management strategies and credit products that are offered by banks, insurance companies and other organizations, that are intended to minimize the negative impacts of agricultural risks. We discuss the application of index-based agricultural insurance and credit products in Kenya. We analyze reasons for low uptake of the product and propose an innovative credit-insurance model that can effectively link the small scale farmers to two potentially important players, commercial banks and the Kenyan government. Our model aims at persuading the commercial banks that there is more business to tap in the agribusiness credit for small scale farmers with reduced exposure to the risk of default. Also, it is aimed at convincing the governm...

The study of returned item inventory management in a closed-loop supply chain system has become an important issue in recent years. So far, investigations about inventory decision making in a closed-loop supply chain system have been confined to traditional forward and reverse oriented material flow supply chain. In this study, we propose an integrated inventory model consisting a supplier, a manufacturer, and a retailer where the manufacturer inspects all of the returned items collected from the customers and classifies them as recoverable or waste. Returned items that recovered through the remanufacturing process and the newly manufactured products are then used to meet the demand of the retailer. However, some recovered items which are not comparable to the ones in quality, classified as refurbished items, are sold to a secondary market at a reduced price. This study also suggests that the flow of returned items is controlled by a decision variable, namely an acceptance quality l...

Synthesizing a Multi-Perspective Application of Massey's Space ] eft Baldwin Sonoma State University "I' ve been working in Latin America fo r the past ten years. Th e people there asked me a question to ask you. Th ey want to know if there's a direct relationship between their poverty and your wealth." ... It is a meaning less exercise to talk about anybody's human rights if we don't talk about that issue.-Winona LaDuke, telling of a Maryknoll priest addressing an Exxon shareholders meeting (1992)

Para abordar la problemática del acaparamiento de tierras, presentamos los principales rasgos que presenta el fenómeno en América Latina, aunque los aspectos identificados no sean exclusivos de esta región. Al destacarlos -por ejemplo planteando que un aspecto distintivo en América Latina es el acaparamiento intrarregional en manos de empresas (trans)latinoamericanas-, esperamos incentivar el desarrollo de análisis comparativos interregionales, que permitan We introduce this special issue by explaining seven characteristics of land grabbing in Latin America. These features are not unique to the region. By highlighting them -arguing, for instance, that a key aspect in Latin America is intra-regional land grabbing driven by (trans)Latina companies -we hope to inspire new cross-regional comparisons to understand the dynamics of "global" land grabbing. Our focus on Latin America challenges some problematic generalisations in the literature, for instance, that land grabs occur mainly in fragile states. We interrogate the relationship between land grabbing and the "foreignisation" narrative, and the need to revisit the broader question of land concentration. Thus we build upon the literature locating land grabs and the land question within the political economy of global capitalism.

The study aims to analyse the impact of groundseed production on farm profitability in Karnataka. For the purpose, primary data was collected from 100 farmers of Chitradurga district in Karnataka during the agricultural year 2013-14 and data were analysed using tabular analysis and discriminant function analysis. The analysis of data showed that the average land holding of groundnut seed farmers was more in comparison to grain farmers and average land holding of the district. Maize crop was dominant in the study area followed by groundnut, ragi, bengal gram, jowar and others. The analysis of data revealed that human labour occupied the major share of the total cost in seed production of groundnut and bullock and machine labour occupied the major share of total cost in grain production of groundnut. The higher human labour requirement in seed production was mainly due to activities like roughing, gap filling, etc. The variable cost was comparatively higher in seed production over grain production. The total cost of cultivation in groundnut seed production was around 18 per cent higher than grain production. The gross return was about 27 per cent higher in seed production than grain production and net return from seed production of groundnut was 40 per cent higher than grain production. The discriminant analysis indicated that human labour with 45.56 per cent followed by gross return, seed, manures and fertilisers, bullock and machine labour contributed to discriminate between the seed and grain production of groundnut. Higher yield and profitability in seed production may be popularised among the farming community to increase the certified seed production. The increased productivity and net profit would attract the farmers for adoption of certified seed production technology and farmers may be encouraged to grow quality seed of groundnut.

An experiment was conducted to study the effect of different plant growth regulators and media on shooting of stem cuttings in dragon fruit (Hylocereus undatus) at Centre of Excellence on Protected Cultivation and Precision Farming, "Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Raipur, Chhattisgarh. Dragon fruit cuttings treated with different plant growth regulators and media revealed that the cuttings grown in media M2 -Soil:

Resumo: A produção de grãos alimentícios está relacionada ao surgimento da vida em sociedade. Essa antiquíssima produção sempre esteve regulada por normas sociais que buscaram garantir a subsistência dos grupos humanos. O excedente permitiu a especialização urbano-rural e a administração do excedente, a existência de diferentes formas de organização do Estado. No século XVIII a agricultura passou por uma profunda transformação. As formas tradicionais de organização do espaço produtivo, que envolviam as servidões, foram reformadas e abolidas. A subsistência que tinha estado no centro da organização dos Estados deixou de ser de sua incumbência. A subsistência abandonou o espaço comunitário para se transformar num problema individual. A livre comercialização dos grãos, desimpedidos de toda amarra política, ficou no centro das discussões políticas e econômicas. Este artigo aborda os debates que se deram em Espanha, França e no Rio da Prata sobre a livre circulação dos grãos.

The development of information technology has encouraged farmers to be able to use cellular phones to support agricultural activities. However, only a few farmers use their cellphones for marketing activities. This study aims to analysis factors influence farmers to use cell phones in marketing activities, and whether cell phone use has an impact on farmers' welfare. The analytical method used is the logit regression model and Propensity Score Matching (PSM). The results showed that what influenced farmers' decisions to use cellular phones for marketing activities were gender, marital status, number of adult household members, education, land ownership status, land area, and counseling. Meanwhile, the impact of the use of cellular telephones, shows that the average farm farmers receive higher treatment compared to the control farmers group.

Mura Village is one of the villages located in Brang Ene District, West Sumbawa Regency. This village has 3 hamlets, namely Buin Banyu hamlet, Mura hamlet, and Tegaran hamlet. Most of the people of Mura Village work as farmers, with the greatest potential, namely rice and corn cereals. There are several fundamental problems faced by Mura Village, including limited Human Resources (HR) as indicated by the low productivity of land in the village. Poor household waste management is evidenced by the large amount of organic waste that is wasted every day. The lack of stretching of the creative economy sector is evidenced by the small number of MSMEs in the village so that the people in the village tend to be more consumptive. Before going into the field, KKN-T students are first provided with knowledge of regional potential and community empowerment materials so that program implementation can run well. The existence of directives from the government regarding health protocols during the...