Destruction by Hands of the Government: Intentional Loss of A Selected History

IJSER International Journal of Social Sciences and Education Research , 2017

Examining the architectural actions, Turks that have founded many states throughout the history are observed to have maintained the transfer of their culture, which has been shaped with different dynamics such as regime, ethnic diversity, geography, religion and has followed a natural flow even though factors has changed from time to time, to the early 20 th century. The 20 th century of Turkish architecture has come to a point where it serves to the efforts of creating a new identity that has strayed from its natural line as a result of an ideological movement worldwide. Even though the movement that was expressed as the National Renaissance of Turkish architecture and demonstrated its impact on public buildings during its period has later been called National Style, given its starting point, architectural components and references, how accurate it is to be called national is open to debate. In this study, the First National Architectural Movement and the Second National Architectural Movement that have impact on the early 20 th century particularly is dealt with in terms of identity issues and ideological approaches of Neo-Classical Architecture in Turkey.

THE TURKISH ONLINE JOURNAL OF DESIGN, ART AND COMMUNICATION, 2016

There are a lot of similarities in contrast between tradition and modernity in contemporary architecture of Islamic countries in twentieth century affected by internal factors and international influences. In mentioned years which coincided years after Atatürk's death till the most important contemporary military coup in Turkey, governmental supports of each one of tradition demander and modernist have been accompanied with some internal and external factors in some periods and the contrast of mentioned tendencies forms the contemporary architecture in Turkey. In addition to the identification and classification of Turkey contemporary architecture tendencies and their social and political backgrounds, through investigating each one of tendencies' outstanding architectural monuments, this article is sought to investigate how these works are affected by traditional or international architecture. The ideas of architecture and urban planning famous experts of Turkey have been used for studying and classifying the works or mentioned tendencies and in order to analyze the samples, reliable and diverse sources and field observations have been used. In addition to classifying Turkey contemporary architecture tendencies in mentioned year in three general sub-categories and introducing indicator works of each one of mentioned tendencies, the results of research compare their effectiveness of traditional and international architecture.

This article offers an analysis of the ways in which architectural monuments were represented in early republican Istanbul (1923-1950). By examining how architectural preservation was organized, practiced, and contested, it seeks to understand diverse meanings of history, heritage, and urban modernization during the first few decades following the end of the Ottoman Empire. The conflict between modernizing the largely irregular urban fabric of Istanbul and preserving its historical patrimony is an important theme of this article. In this respect, the arguments for protecting historical monuments provide significant insights into the early republican perceptions of the " nation " and its " proper heritage. " The archives of the former Committee of the Protection of Old Monuments (Eski Eserleri Koruma Encümeni) constitute a major resource for the article.

In the twentieth century after the advent of republicanism in Turkey, nationalistic and regional approaches were at odd s with approaches influenced by the West in search of Turkish identity in architectural works. For this reason, this interested Turkish architectures to pay attention to their native architecture and urbanism during Ottoman era. In this context, traditional houses came to the fore as the key to achieving Turkish identity in architecture in the course of the second nationalist movement in modern times, and thereafter it was developed by following generation of Turkish architectures. The acclaimed modern features lying in the architecture of the houses and customs representing the Turkish civil identity have turned them into a symbol of contemporary Turkish identity in this course of action. Ottoman tradition of house construction and its effect on Turks' architecture in the course of the second nationalist movement in Turkey's contemporary architecture have made the study of Turkish architectures' transition from tradition to modernity a significant issue, which is addressed in this paper. The results of the seminal works by the second nationalist leaders as to Turkey's architecture were here approached in terms of how they were impressed by the architecture of Ottoman traditional houses, which were divided into three categories and the architectural characteristics of each of them were analyzed and compared.

Planning Perspectives, 2013

Journal of Architectural Education, 2014

The international series “Modern Architectures in History” by Reaktion Books examines the twentieth-century modernisms in different cultural contexts. Preceded by the earlier volumes on Finland, Britain, the United States, and Brazil, and followed by the ones on Italy, Greece, and France (forthcoming), this book by Sibel Bozdoğan and Esra Akcan provides a masterfully told history of Turkish architecture from the 1920s to the 2010s.

Cities in Evolution Diachronic Transformations of Urban and Rural Settlements, VIII AACCP Symposium, 2023

All the abstracts in this volume were double peer-reviewed by the symposium's scientific committee. The editors of this volume decline all responsibilities for the images published in this volume, the authors are responsible for the images provided in their paper.

The changes within temporality, the rise of presentism, and the emergence of ersatz nostalgia as the cultural consequences of late capitalism are producing a pseudo-historicist perspective as a way of dealing with the past. This article claims that the rising interest in the Ottoman Past in Turkey under the Justice and Development Party (AKP) is not just the product of the conservative cultural perspective of the ruling party but also the result of the pseudo-historicism produced by the long-term transformation of the Turkish society since the 1980s. This article takes the architectural production as an exemplification to illuminate the pseudo-historicist perspective in the Turkish context, because architecture appears as the most important terrain which reflects the development of this interest in the Ottoman past due to its characteristic as a profession closely knitted with the economy, and its representational power mirroring the cultural.

Turkish Studies, 2004

Studi e Ricerche di Storia dell’Architettura: Rivista dell’Associazione Italiana Storici dell’Architettura, 2017

When the Turkish Republic was founded in 1923, it was a project to create a modern secular nation-state out of the centuries-old Ottoman Empire which was an Islamic state ruled with dynastic monarchy. For the success of this project, the Republic had to distance itself from the Ottoman memories. Ottoman institutions and daily life practices were steadily abolished; the Ottoman capital of İstanbul was replaced with Ankara; new modern cities were planned; European architects and experts were invited to design state-funded large-scale public projects and to teach in academia. Old structures were already in a bad condition after a decade of wars before the foundation of the Republic, and their condition became even worse during the first decades of the Republican era. Especially in İstanbul, there were efforts for the protection of these old structures; however, they were not powerful enough to echo in Ankara. In this given context, this paper will focus on the historic preservation efforts during the early decades of the Turkish Republic to understand how ‘cultural heritage’ was conceived by this young state during this intense period of modernization.