Development of Local Administration in Bohemia, Moravia andSilesia until 1990

The cross-border cooperation in the Euroregional framework represents a new possibility, for the former communist countries, to cooperate at the micro-level. Lacking the experience of the direct external cooperation, local administration units had to became part of a particular type of relational dynamics, completely unknown before to begin existence of the Euroregions. It should to be obvious that the different local administrations had and will have again a different implication in the cross-border cooperation process, that they benefited and will benefit in their specific way from the possibilities provided by the Euro-regional structure. Very interesting to study would be the factors that determine the different degree of dynamism of local administrations in the cross-border cooperation process and in Euroregion activities, in general.

Acta Poloniae Historica

This paper is a case study of relations between the agents of self-government and the state administration as representatives of the local elite in the milieu of a small town in central Bohemia. Set in the context of the political crisis in the 1890s and at the beginning of the twentieth century, it follows the power relations and the struggle of self-government bodies against the district captain (representing the central government), as well as the efforts of the state to force the local elite to respect the state authority and to arrange for proper operation of the public administration.

2011

This thesis traces the administrative elite of the Upper Silesian region of Poland in the transition period of 1990-1997. It introduces the research by analysing the historical development in the higher administration of the region, up to the legacy of failure in the socialist era, specifically its excessive centralisation and vertical fragmentation. In 1990, despite its perceived ineffectiveness, administrative reform was introduced at the local level, while the two higher levels of district and region were left untouched, on the grounds that simultaneous reform on all three levels might destabilise the state. The thesis examines the administrative actors of the region, their attitudes, and the shifts in their policies over time, in two types of institution, first, the reformed local government and second, the regional-level voivodship office headed by voivode - which remains unreformed despite the wish for reform of the voivode himself and other members of the regional elite. Loca...

Geografie, 2020

The paper aims to analyze the “soft” factors of local development and to understand the nature of the socio-economic differences between municipalities in an inner periphery in Bohemia. The partial goals are to explain which internal conditions are conductive to the formation of these ties of cooperation, to reveal which power structures are involved in the ties of cooperation, and to assess the direction of these interactions. The conclusions are formulated and discussed in relation to the concept of institutional thickness. Our research confirmed the key differentiating role of mayors in local interactions and the importance of administrative boundaries – especially boundaries of self-government regions. These boundaries had the effect of constraining the formation of formal and informal relations between actors in territorial development. The research also provides evidence of the continued existence of links between municipalities that were formed during the communist period. Th...

2020

A local government has a long tradition in Poland and is one of the most important institutions. The purpose of this study is to present its structure and system of functioning based on applicable, constitutional laws. At the beginning of the article, the topic of local government tradition in Poland and a brief historical outline are presented. Then the levels of local government, i.e. the voivodeships, poviats and communes, are analyzed. In addition, their tasks, functions and organs are presented, respectively.

2018

The Czech Republic is characterized by high fragmentation of settlements and high number of very small municipalities. The high fragmentation of municipalities in the Czech Republic has long been discussed. The debaters indicate a number of problems arising from management and sustainability of a very small municipality as well as a lack of willingness to merge the municipalities. This research deals with the problems of very small municipalities of up to 200 inhabitants in the South Moravian Region perceived by their own mayors. The mayors of selected very small municipalities are contacted and in a semi-structured interview they are asked about the problems they register in the municipality. The most interviewed mayors perceive as a problem a high unnecessary increasing administration. Problems associated with municipal management generally occur in interviews very often. Other common problems are social problems such as population decline or moving socially weak and troubled peop...

2000

2008

Communism in Czechoslovakia came to an end with the 'velvet revolution' of 1989 and the communist party-dominated regime collapsed within days, a situation, which meant that the changing of the political system could immediately take momentum. In the meantime the relationship between the Czech and the Slovak inhabitants of the country was worsening and this situation eventually led to the disintegration of the state itself: on January 1. 1993 the states of the Czech and the Slovak Republics came into being. Our research is aimed at investigating the first administrative reform of the Slovak Republic, ratified on July 24. 1996 (221/1996), inclusive of the phenomena that had preceded it. During our research a special emphasis was laid on introducing the issue of how the Hungarian minorities living in Slovakia were affected and discriminated by the reform

2020

The paper traces the evolution of administrative-territorial units in Czechoslovakia since the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy and relates them to the process of state formation. Debates on Czechoslovakia's political-administrative organization are resumed, beginning from the Czech lands and Slovakia in the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy, to the first Czechoslovak Republic (1918-38), the Communist period (1948-89) and the developments after 1989.