Educational Entrepreneurship Policy Challenges and Recommendations for Pakistani Universities

Sains Humanika

Education is considered as a driving force to accomplish the work efficiently. In this regard, business studies play an essential role in increasing the capabilities and skills of the individual as entrepreneurial orientation increase employment opportunities and act as a driving force to boost up the country’s economy. Higher Education Institutions’ role is significant in imparting entrepreneurial education among students, as Pakistani Higher Education Institutions have established the Entrepreneurship and Development Center (EDC), which is responsible for entrepreneurial training, seminar, workshops, discussion sessions, conferences, and entrepreneurial fairs. This paper aims to review the entrepreneurial education in developing Asia, specifically in Pakistan. This study is based on secondary data, taken from 30+ journal papers, 5+ HEC Annual Reports, and 4+ books in order to investigate the current trends of entrepreneurial education in developing countries, especially in Higher ...

2019

T h i s r e s e a r c h i n t e n d e d t o e x p l o r e d e f i c it a n d s t r a t e g i e s t o i m p r o v e e n t r e p r e n e u r s h i p regarding higher education in Pakistan. The study was descriptive in nature. It would utilize quantitative cum qualitative research techniques. Quantitative data were obta ined through questionnaires and qualitative data from interviews. The population was comprised of all teachers and students who are getting entrepreneurship education in Business Incubation Centre's (BIC) supported by Higher Education Commission in public sector universities. The sample of the research were 40 t e a c h e r s a n d 2 0 0 s t u d e n t s s e l e c t e d t h r o u g h r a n d o m s a m p li n g t e c h n i q u e . D a t a were a n a l y z e d t h r o u g h d e s c r i p ti v e a n d t h e m a ti c approach. The findings of the study showed that HEC was not playing an active role regarding entrepreneurship and demanded that special f u n d s , i n f r a s t r u c t u r e , a n d f a c u lt y s h o u l d b e p r o v i d e d t o p r o m o t e entrepreneurship. Institutions may offer useful training programs in colleges and universities for better career prospect and also fo cused o n c o n ti n u o u s p r o f e s s i o n a l d e v e l o p m e n t o f t e a c h e r s t o e n h a n c e entrepreneurship education .

African Journal of …, 2011

This study explores the relationships between business education in Pakistani universities and the development of the entrepreneurial capabilities in students. It also focuses upon the potential differentials on entrepreneurial making among public and private universities. This is a ...

Entrepreneurship Research Journal, 2014

This study examines how a university's support impacts students' entrepreneurial intentions and finds that entrepreneurship education, conceptdevelopment support, and business-development support increase such intentions. The university role is critical to the growth of entrepreneurial intentions, and we argue that an individual's decision in favor of or against becoming an entrepreneur depends on the multi-level context provided by the university. Our findings suggest that students perceive the education and concept-development support (educational and cognitive) from their universities as highly influential on their entrepreneurial intentions. We conclude that a multi-level perspective offers a meaningful understanding of entrepreneurship and offer suggestions for university management and policy-makers for enhancing entrepreneurship. A sample of 805 undergraduate students in universities in Pakistan took part in the study.

Global Educational Studies Review, 2017

The entrepreneurship has been widely described by researchers as intermingling of the different innovative techniques used by the individuals through risk taking behavior to avail the available business opportunity. The entrepreneurship has some positive as well as negative consequences for individual who desired to invest their resources in the business opportunities. In Pakistan, there are many opportunities for entrepreneurship development as supported by government in diverse spheres. In Pakistan, the risk taking and innovation is inhibited severely by invasive role of government in marketplaces related to the diverse businesses. To examine phenomenon by analyzing the views, the data was collected from students hailing from the universities located in southern region of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. The study is expected to provide certain valuable information about relationships among the research variables thereby extracting some recommendation from the results for the policy ...

Journal of Higher Education and Development Studies (JHEDS), 2024

This study examines the influence of financial, technical, and cultural barriers on entrepreneurial growth in Pakistan, focusing specifically on college students in Rawalpindi and Islamabad. The research addresses a critical issue: while Pakistan’s economic environment and various government initiatives offer substantial opportunities for business development, excessive government intervention is identified as a major impediment to entrepreneurial innovation and risk-taking. To investigate this, primary data was collected using a structured questionnaire administered to college students. The study employs correlation analysis to explore the relationship between these barriers and the capacity for business growth, as well as to assess the interactions among the different types of impediments. Financial barriers include limited access to funding and financial resources; technical barriers encompass a lack of technical skills and infrastructure; and cultural barriers involve societal attitudes and norms that may hinder entrepreneurial activities. The findings reveal that while government initiatives are well-intentioned, their excessive interference can undermine the entrepreneurial spirit by creating regulatory and bureaucratic hurdles. This research provides critical insights into how these barriers impact the entrepreneurial ecosystem and highlights the need for a balanced approach to government intervention. By offering a detailed analysis of these factors, the study aims to assist scholars and policymakers in developing more effective strategies to enhance Pakistan’s entrepreneurial environment, thereby fostering sustainable business growth and innovation.

This paper analyses the entent to which the concept of entrepreneurship is being inculcated in the courses being taught at the public sector universities across various disciplines. Three public sector universities from the twin cities of Rawalpindi and Islamabad were taken into consideration and the data was collected through websites of the institutes and through questionnaires that were filled by students as well as faculty members. The questionnaire for the study was replicated from the paper of Askun and Yidrim on entrepreneurship education in Turkish Publec Universities published in 2011. Results of the study show that entrepreneurship education is dependent on the type of institute.

The Asian Conference on Education 2020: Official Conference Proceedings

Higher educational institutes are playing an effective role to encourage entrepreneurial activities by developing entrepreneurial attitudes and capabilities among students. The purpose of the current study was to identify the role of universities to promote the entrepreneurial culture among students. A quantitative inquiry was planned to understand the roles and responsibilities of universities to enable the students to be entrepreneurs. Survey technique was used to collect the data. Purposive sampling technique was applied to draw the sample from the targeted population i.e. final semester students of Master and Bs (Hons) programs from the faculties of management sciences and social sciences of Sargodha University. A questionnaire was developed and distributed among 300 participants of the survey. Data was coded and analyzed by using statistical techniques e.g. frequencies, mean, and standard deviation were applied to analyze the descriptive data while the Pearson correlation test was applied to calculate the inter-factors relationship. It was found that there is an insignificant relationship between the role of University and students' attitudes to embrace entrepreneurship, whereas a moderate positive correlation was found between the content of management and students' entrepreneurial intentions. Keeping in view the findings of the study, researcher suggested that there is a dire need that universities should pay more intention to conduct entrepreneurial activities to develop the entrepreneurial attitude to start new ventures. Further, it was suggested that universities should teach entrepreneurship as a separate subject in non-business sciences to develop entrepreneurial attitudes and capabilities among their students to encourage the entrepreneurial culture in Pakistan.

Journal of Independent Studies and Research-Management, Social Sciences and Economics

This paper argues for a rhetorical approach to understand how teachers (working mothers) construct silence (resistance or acceptance) in their multiple identities, when academic decisions are taken in meetings that directly affect them and their work. This cross-sectional case study examines arguments for and against a structural change made in an educational institution for girls in Karachi, where 80%of the population is female faculty. The objective is to present how certain constructions (arguments) are made real while others are undermined as a rhetorical achievement through persuasive talk. Rhetorical analysis was chosen to expose the link between identity construction and silence, through rhetorical strategies drawing on local and cultural discourses with language as a unit of analysis. Since rhetoric is a study of argumentation and persuasion; its application to organizational studies may help the researcher to emphasize over its political functions and understand the language in a critical perspective. Semi-structured interviews with 12 respondents, for an in-depth analysis turned out to be the most effective technique for collecting such data.

2021

Due to the vital role of entrepreneurship, many efforts have been made to improve and promote it, the most important of which is the provision of entrepreneurship education programs in universities and educational institutions in different countries of the world. By studying the experiences of other countries, a proposed model for entrepreneurship education in Iran can be reached. The purpose of this research was to study of entrepreneurship education in higher education in selected countries comparatively. The research questions edited to considering types entrepreneurship education in terms of location, structure and trainers of entrepreneurship education. The method of the present study was a qualitative adaptation based on the use of a four-stage Bereday’s approach. The statistical population included different countries of the world and statistical sample consisted of several countries such as United States, Germany, Netherland, Philippine & Australia that were selected through...