Engineering Fundamentals of the Internal Combustion Engine, 2nd Ed

Indeed, the engine industries have seen a tremendous growth in the research and development of new-age technologies over the past ten years or so. Even though a huge database is now available on present-day engine technologies, a skillful presentation of those data is a demanding task. At this count, an endeavor has been made here to brief the pros and cons of present-day engine technologies in an elusive manner. In a nut–shell, this article provides an extensive review of the primary principles that preside over the internal combustion engines design and operation, as well as a simplifying framework of new-age engine technologies has been organized and summarized in an elegant way to contribute to this pragmatic field.

Bostan elmarafa -Alex.Egypt , 2020

The aim of this chapter is to introduce to the interesting world of internal combustion engines and to describe what actually Internal Combustion Engine is. This reference includes the foundations and techniques of internal combustion engines. This chapter is considered a comprehensive reference for the science of internal combustion engines. Its reference included an introduction to what internal combustion engines are and their types

A-I Thermodynamic Properties of Air, 379 A-2 Properties of Fuels, 380 A-3 Chemical Equilibrium Constants, 381 A-4 Conversion Factors for Engine Parameters, 382 REFERENCES 384 ANSWERS TO SELECTEDREVIEW PROBLEMS 392 INDEX 395 Preface xiii

Energy, Environment, and Sustainability, 2021

Stricter emission norms and increasing pollution have motivated researchers to find an optimal way to explore and deploy advanced engine technology and alternative fuels. Engine combustion is a complex process that is yet to understand significantly. Computational modelling has enabled the researcher to understand complex underlying processes quickly and economically. This book covers major aspects of internal combustion (IC) engine modelling. The first two sections of this book focus on various engine models, mathematical modelling of injection processes, and spray breakup modelling. The third section of this book is dedicated to the modelling of diesel engine combustion. Emphasis has been made on soot and NOx modelling. The fourth section of this book is dedicated to model the spark ignition engine processes. Various 1D and 3D tools that are currently used by the automotive community are discussed in detail. The last section of this book covers the prediction of exhaust heat recovery from IC engines. Overall, this book emphasises mathematical modelling of the different processes involved in IC engines. Keywords Simulation • Modelling • IC engine • Spray • Emissions • Exhaust heat recovery The first part of the book introduces modelling and simulation of IC engines. One of the chapters discusses the development of engine models and analyses of stresses and temperature. This chapter covers the simulations and analyses of the structural and thermal consequences of specified bore piston and cylinder block models. This section effectively analyses stress and temperature using finite element methods using various tools such as ANSYS workbench, ADSL, and Deform 3D.

International Journal of Advanced Academic Research (Engineering), 2015

This study is focused on the performance evaluation of internal combustion automotives such as spark ignition and compression ignition engines. Specifically, the study examined the working principles of spark ignition and compression engines, the performance of spark and compression ignition engines and the type of fuel used by both engines. It was concluded that diesel engines consumes less fuel than spark engines, it is more reliable, noisier in operation and safer in terms of fire accident. Furthermore, the study revealed that spark ignition engines produces more speed, less expensive and quieter in operation. However, the study recommended that the injector should be used with petrol in order to improve its speed and also, injectors should be properly mounted on its seating to avoid vibration and noise.

2004

The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use.

This review of spark ignition engines starts by looking at how the spark is generated, how it ignites the mixture, the effect of ignition timing on engine performance, and how the engine operating point influences the optimum ignition timing. The control of ignition timing is discussed in Section 3.7, which deals with engine management systems. Mixture preparation (Section 3.3) is concerned solely with fuel injection systems, for both port injected engines and in-cylinder injection. The control of the air-fuel ratio is discussed in the context of engine management systems (Section 3.7).

Communications - Scientific letters of the University of Zilina

Príspevok ukazuje výsledky vedeckovýskumných prác a vývoja plynových vozidlových motorov (pre autobusy a nákladné automobily), zaoberá sa technickým riešením konverzie pôvodných naftových motorov do zážihovej verzie. V článku je uvedené porovnanie emisných vlastností nových plynových motorov a pôvodných naftových motorov tak z hľadiska súčasnej legislatívy, ako aj s ohľadom na hygienicky najrizikovejšie zložky výfukových emisií. The paper shows the technical solutions and the results of the research works, connected with the conversion of Diesel engines to spark ignition (SI) gas fuelled engines for the vehicles. The attention is paid to the comparision of the exhaust pollutions from the gas fuelled engines and from original diesel engines.

2015

2008

Thesis by Tomas de Almeida Formosinho Sanches, 2008, 68 pages Technical University of Lisbon (Portugal) > Content ... > Abstract 3 > Resumo 4 > Acknowledgments 5 > Contents 6 > Symbols + acronyms 8 > Table of figures 10 > Chapter 1 - Introduction 12 > Chapter 2 - State of the art 13 > Chapter 3 - Internal combustion engines theory 15 » 3.1 Fundamental operating principles 15 » 3.2 Combustion in engines 15 » 3.2.1 Normal combustion 16 » 3.2.2 Abnormal combustion 18 » 3.2.3 Combustion pre-chamber 19 » 3.2.4 Lean combustion mode + HCCI 20 » 3.2.5 Arrhenius Law 21 » 3.2.6 Fuel factors 22 » 3.3 Rotary Wankel engine 23 » 3.3.1 Working cycle + principles of motion 24 » 3.3.2 Advantages / disadvantages 25 > Chapter 4 - Experimental installation + methodology 27 » 4.1 Engine test bench + fuel properties 27 » 4.1.1 Common rail injection characteristics 29 » Pre-injection 29 » Post-injection 29 » 4.1.2 Ignition system 29 » 4.2 Variables + formulars 30 » 4.2.1 Cylinder volume 30 » 4.2.2 Cylinder gas temperature 30 » 4.2.3 Mean Effective Pressure 31 » 4.2.4 Efficiencies 31 » 4.2.5 Polythrophic coefficient 32 » 4.2.6 Instantaneous Heat Release (IHR) 32 » 4.2.7 Cumulative Heat Release (CHR) 33 » 4.2.8 Coefficient CoV 34 » 4.3 Calculation methodology 34 > Chapter 5 - Results + discussion 35 » 5.1 Effects of kerosene temperature on combustion performance 35 » 5.2 Excess of air ratio Lambda variation with SI 37 » 5.3 Pre-injection timing variation 40 » 5.4 Excess of air ratio Lambda variation with pre-chamber, SI + CI comparison 43 > Chapter 6 - Conclusions + perspectives 49 » 6.1 Conclusions 49 » 6.2 Perspectives 50 > References 51 > Bibliography 52 > Appendix 54 » Appendix A - Varimax test stand 55 » Appendix B - Bosch glow plug properties + pre-chamber design 57 » Appendix C - Results: Plots + tabulated results 61 german keywords: Wankelmotor / Kreiskolbenmotor English Keywords: Wankel Engine / Wankel Rotary Engine / Rotary Piston Engine / Rotary Combustion Engine

2014

Direct Injection (DI) gasoline engines are staging a come-back because of its potential for improved fuel economy through principally the engine down-sizing by boosting, stratified charge combustion and Controlled Auto Ignition (CAI) at part load operations. The problem with the Spark Ignition (SI) engine is its inherent low part-load efficiency. This arises due to the pumping loses that occur when the throttle closes or partially opens. One way of decreasing the pumping losses is to operate the engine lean or by adding residual gases. It is not possible to operate the engine unthrottled with a very lean or diluted mixture at low loads due to misfire. However, the load can also be controlled by changing the valve timing. This reduce the pumping loses and hence increase the efficiency. Due to the limited time available for complete fuel evaporation and the mixing of fuel and air mixture, locally fuel rich mixture or even liquid fuel can be present during the combustion process. This ...