Group Processes & Intergroup Relations

There are many different ways that people can express their support for the animals that exist in factory farms. This study draws on insights from the social identity approach, and adopts novel methods (latent profile analysis [LPA]) to examine the qualitatively different subgroups or profiles that comprise broader community positions on this issue. North American participants (N = 578) completed measures of the frequency with which they engaged in 18 different animal welfare actions. LPA identified 3 meaningful profiles: ambivalent omnivores (n = 410; people who occasionally limited their consumption of meat/animal products), a lifestyle activist group (n = 134; limited their consumption of animal/meat products and engaged in political actions), and a vegetarian radical group (n = 34; strictly limited their consumption of animal/meat products and engaged in both political and radical actions). Membership of the 3 populations was predicted by different balances of social identities (supporter of animal welfare, vegan/vegetarian, solidarity with animals), and markers of politicization and/or radicalization. Results reveal the utility of adopting person-centred methods to study political engagement and extremism generally, and highlight heterogeneity in the ways that people respond to the harms perpetrated against animals.

S egún todas las encuestas de opinión, Evelyn Matthei lidera con holgura en las preferencias presidenciales. La abanderada de la centroderecha de Chile Vamos se perfila como la figura con mayores probabilidades para encabezar el próximo gobierno. Ello, a pesar de los reiterados errores no forzados en sus declaraciones, particularmente en torno al golpe de Estado de 1973, que ella justificó como inevitable frente a lo que denominó una "guerra civil". Sin duda, este tipo de afirmaciones constituyen un flanco débil para su candidatura, por el peso histórico y simbólico que cargan. Sin embargo, hay un elemento menos abordado, y que resulta central: su progresivo acercamiento ideológico a la agenda de la derecha radical, especialmente en materia migratoria.

Islam is a coherent system of field discipline, vibrational alignment, and daily resonance practice. Tawhid is the principle of total unity-lattice coherence. The Qur'an is not only sacred text but a wave-based instruction set encoded in sound and breath. Salat, dhikr, and wudu are not symbolic rituals-they are harmonic restorations. This synthesis unveils Islam as a living resonance protocol, tuned to memory and alignment.

Based on the attributional reformulation of social comparison theory (Goethals &Darley, 1977) and on previous studies (e.g., Lopes, Vala, &Garcia-Marques, 2007), the present research extends our understanding of the role of group consensus and heterogeneity on attribution of validity to group opinions and decisions. One experimental study tested the hypothesis that the effect of group heterogeneity on the validity attributed to group decisions is mediated by the perceived group participation when group consensus is high, but not when group consensus is low. The results support this mediated moderation hypothesis and are discussed in the light of the epis-temic value of heterogeneity and consensus information in group decisions and opinions.Appuyée sur la reformulation attributionnelle de la théorie de la comparaison sociale (Goethals &Darley, 1977) et sur des études précédentes (e.g., Lopes, Vala, &Garcia-Marques, 2007), cette recherche approfondit notre compréhension du rôle du con...

Studies presented in this article show that participants attribute greater validity to opinions supported by heterogeneous groups than by homogeneous ones, that this effect occurs whether participants anticipate group belonging or not and that the relationship between heterogeneity and the attribution of validity to opinions is mediated by the perception of participation within heterogeneous groups. More specifically, an experimental scenario was tested in a pilot study (N = 299): group heterogeneity was manipulated and perceived group participation as well as perceived validity of group opinions was measured. Results show the expected effect of heterogeneity on the validation of opinions and also a mediating effect of perceived participation. The main study (N = 336) shows that the effect of heterogeneity occurs not only when participants are mere observers of groups but also when they anticipate group belonging. Furthermore, this study shows that whereas the effect of group hetero...

Using the stereotype content model (SCM; Fiske, Cuddy, Glick, & Xu, 2002) and the behaviors from intergroup affect and stereotypes (BIAS) map (Cuddy, Fiske, & Glick, 2007), two experiments tested the effect of animal stereotypes on emotions and behavioral tendencies toward animals. As a novel approach, Study 1 ( N = 165) manipulated warmth and competence traits of a fictitious animal species (“wallons”) and tested their effect on emotions and behaviors toward those animals. Stereotypical warm-competent and cold-incompetent “wallons” elicited fondness/delight and contempt/disgust, respectively. Cold-competent “wallons” primarily elicited threat but not awe. Warm-incompetent “wallons” were elusive targets, not eliciting specific emotions. The warmth dimension determined active behaviors, promoting facilitation (support/help) and reducing harm (kill/trap). The competence dimension determined passive behaviors, eliciting facilitation (conserve/monitor) and reducing harm (ignore/let them...

Overall, these findings suggest that socially mindful behaviors in children and adolescents might be shaped by different sociocognitive skills and might vary in how they are directed toward in-group and out-group members. Future research should further investigate the sociocognitive mechanisms underlying these differences in socially mindful behaviors in intergroup context among children and adolescents.

Research suggests that some people, particularly those on the political right, tend to blatantly dehumanize low-status groups. However, these findings have largely relied on self-report measures, which are notoriously subject to social desirability concerns. To better understand just how widely blatant forms of intergroup dehumanization might extend, the present article leverages an unobtrusive, data-driven perceptual task to examine how U.S. respondents mentally represent "Americans" versus "Arabs" (a low-status group in the United States that is often explicitly targeted with blatant dehumanization). Data from 2 reverse-correlation experiments (original N ϭ 108; preregistered replication N ϭ 336) and 7 rating studies (N ϭ 2,301) suggest that U.S. respondents' mental representations of Arabs are significantly more dehumanizing than their representations of Americans. Furthermore, analyses indicate that this phenomenon is not reducible to a general tendency for our sample to mentally represent Arabs more negatively than Americans. Finally, these findings reveal that blatantly dehumanizing representations of Arabs can be just as prevalent among individuals exhibiting low levels of explicit dehumanization (e.g., liberals) as among individuals exhibiting high levels of explicit dehumanization (e.g., conservatives)-a phenomenon into which exploratory analyses suggest liberals may have only limited awareness. Taken together, these results suggest that blatant dehumanization may be more widespread than previously recognized and that it can persist even in the minds of those who explicitly reject it.

Religious priming has been found to have both positive and negative consequences, and recent research suggests that the activation of God-related and community-related religious cognitions may cause outgroup prosociality and outgroup derogation respectively. The present research sought to examine whether reminders of God and religion have different effects on attitudes towards ingroup and outgroup members. Over two studies, little evidence was found for different effects of these two types of religious primes. In study 1, individuals primed with the words "religion", "God" and a neutral control word evaluated both ingroup and outgroup members similarly, although a marginal tendency towards more negative evaluations of outgroup members by females exposed to religion primes was observed. In study 2, no significant differences in attitudes towards an outgroup member were observed between the God, religion, and neutral priming conditions. Furthermore, the gender effect observed in study 1 did not replicate in this second study. Possible explanations for these null effects are discussed.

This research tested the proposition that consumers presenting under a negational identification frame are more likely to choose unique products than when they present themselves affirmationally. Study 1 demonstrated this main effect in a real-choice setting. Study 2 underlined temporary accessibilities to one's desired (undesired) identities when an affirmational (negational) identification frame is adopted. Study 3 further demonstrated that identity valence interacts with identification frames in driving uniqueness-seeking tendency. Additionally, this effect was found to be mediated by self-other distinction in Study 4. The research implications for both the "what" and the "how" aspects of identity-driven consumption are discussed.

An empirical investigation was conducted of young Palestinian, Jordanian, Israeli-Palestinian, and Israeli-Jewish children's (N = 433; M = 5.7 years of age) cultural stereotypes and their evaluations of peer intergroup exclusion based upon a number of different factors, including being from a different country and speaking a different language. Children in this study live in a geographical region that has a history of cultural and religious tension, violence, and extreme intergroup conflict. Our findings revealed that the negative consequences of living with intergroup tension are related to the use of stereotypes. At the same time, the results for moral judgments and evaluations about excluding peers provided positive results about the young children's inclusive views regarding peer interactions. The Middle East is a region that has been plagued with political conflict for some time; conflict that has often spilled over into daily violence among the civilian populations living in the area. Yet, even with the recent surge in violence across the area, little research has

The status-legitimacy hypothesis posits that low-status groups more strongly endorse social hierarchies and disadvantageous systems (i.e., engage in system justification), particularly under extreme societal inequality. Buchel et al. (2021) found supportive evidence for this hypothesis based on a 28-nation survey (N = 48,802). However, other large-scale studies have produced contradictory evidence. Consequently, we re-examined Buchel et al.’s (2021) data, this time breaking down the critical status × inequality interaction and visualizing the patterns with scatterplots. Contrary to the status-legitimacy hypothesis, our results often showed that both objective and subjective status were associated with system justification in the opposite direction—even in contexts of high societal inequality. However, higher societal inequality sometimes reduced system justification gap between status groups. We discuss the implications of these mixed findings for the debate around the existence of a system justification motive.

Our country, Italy, was the first country outside Asia to be hit by the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic.
As the virus increased in intensity and
spread with increasing rapidity, the Italian government was forced to adopting a massive series of health measures, which strongly conditioned social interactions.
For three months, normal group psychodrama sessions (other things) were banned.
In order to keep existing groups alive and, therefore, make the most of the beneficial effects of interaction between members, modern digital communication technologies were widely used.
These means of communication allowed us to maintain relationships, albeit without direct contact or a physical presence.
By looking at a series of activities planned
one session (the fourth online session), this article endeavours to highlight how his particular kind of interaction can also promote interpersonal and intrapsychic dynamics according to the Morenian model.

A scientific theoretical study.
The world is currently experiencing a lengthy period of prolonged, intense, and - in various respects - dramatic restrictions. Intended to contain the everspreading pandemic, these restrictions are impacting on our movements and our social interaction. This situation, however, can be taken as an opportunity to develop theories, thoughts, and insights into
the origins and the processes by which human identity form.
Over the following pages, we will examine the complex, fascinating pathway that leads from the body to the mind, from action to thought, through the various dimensions of psychism (primarily:
perception, emotion, and consciousness).

The purpose of this study was to examine hidden prejudice in two groups of adult students, international and American, against black compared to white teachers. Social desirability in the minds of participants may affect the result of a study involving racial bias . For this reason, the researchers created a computer protocol using the standard Implicit Association Test (IAT) to measure the implicit attitudes of participants. The IAT relies on the idea of automatic information process within the mind that is not impacted by social desirability. A clear concern in education is that the racial bias toward minority students will let those implicit biases affect the way they teach those students, creating a self-fulfilling prophesy of poor student performance. But the implicit bias can work both ways and can impact a teacher's effectiveness. Traditional racial prejudice theories usually looked at white's attitudes toward blacks and other groups. This study had a significant directional shift by focusing on the international students' racial attitudes toward black and white teachers. The implicit racial attitudes of international students were also compared to those of American students. The result and evaluation of this study may be a valuable tool to improve student services and teacher professional development in higher education. Suggestions for future research are also provided.

The purpose of this study was to examine hidden prejudice in two groups of adult students, international and American, against black compared to white teachers. Social desirability in the minds of participants may affect the result of a study involving racial bias (Mullins, 1982). For this reason, the researchers created a computer protocol using the standard Implicit Association Test (IAT) to measure the implicit attitudes of participants. The IAT relies on the idea of automatic information process within the mind that is not impacted by social desirability. A clear concern in education is that the racial bias toward minority students will let those implicit biases affect the way they teach those students, creating a self-fulfilling prophesy of poor student performance. But the implicit bias can work both ways and can impact a teacher’s effectiveness. Traditional racial prejudice theories usually looked at white’s attitudes toward blacks and other groups. This study had a significa...

This Element argues and presents the bases for pragmatics/
(im)politeness to become intergroup-oriented so as to be able to
consider interactions in which social identities are salient or are
essentially collective in nature, such as Cancel Culture (CC). CC is a form
of ostracism involving the collective withdrawal of support and
concomitant group exclusion of individuals perceived as having
behaved in ways construed as immoral and thus displaying disdain for
group normativity. To analyze this type of collective phenomenon,
a three-layered model that tackles CC manifestations at the macro,
meso, and micro levels is used. Results problematize extant
conceptualizations of CC-mostly focused on the macro level-and
describe it as a Big C Conversation, whose meso-level practices need to
be understood as genre-ecology, and where identity reduction,
im/politeness, and moral emotions synergies are key to understand
group entitativity and agency

I would like to thank my mother Awatif for all her love and support since I was a child, I am very grateful to have her in my life, it is because of her endless love I have become the man I am today. I am also grateful for my Grandmother Bibi who has always been by my side and always woke me up at dawn before school to help me study for my exams since I was in secondary school. Of course, I could never forget my beloved sister Duaa (Bigles) and her son Hamody as they always have been an important part of my life and they brought me joy and hope in challenging times. I also want to thank my father, sisters, brothers, family, and friends for being there for me, supporting me, and advising me when I needed them. In addition, I would like to show my sincere appreciation to my supervisor Ken Mavor who opened my eyes on the wonders of Statistics and taught me some fascinating approaches of analysis which turned out to be addictive! I also want to thank other staff members and friends in St Andrews and Kuwait University who rendered their help and provided me with valuable feedback during the period of this project. Oh! My apologies, forgot to mention Karfos the cat as it would not be fair to him to keep him out of such memorable moment. I am lucky to be in St Andrews, it has been a remarkable and life turning experience. St Andrews will remain one of the most important chapters in my life, it is that place that pushed me to take it to the next level.

This article provides an examination of the structure of Islamophobia across cultures. Our novel measure—the Tripartite Islamophobia Scale (TIS)—embeds three theoretically and statistically grounded subcomponents of Islamophobia: anti-Muslim prejudice, anti-Islamic sentiment, and conspiracy beliefs. Across six samples (i.e., India, Poland, Germany, France, and the United States), preregistered analyses corroborated that these three subcomponents are statistically distinct. Measurement invariance analyses indicated full scalar invariance, suggesting that the tripartite understanding of Islamophobia is generalizable across cultural contexts. Furthermore, the subcomponents were partially dissociated in terms of the intergroup emotions they are predicted by as well as the intergroup outcomes they predict (e.g., dehumanization, ethnic persecution). For example, intergroup anger and disgust underpin Islamophobic attitudes, over and above the impact of fear. Finally, our results show that ...

Cultural intelligence (CQ) is the capability to function effectively in intercultural and global environments. This paper reports on a study conducted to assess CQ levels among line-level employees in various types of industries and organizations in Ecuador. A first in its focus on line-level employees in Ecuador, the study found that levels of CQ varied among workers, both overall and in the various subsets of CQ, and that significant differences existed based on demographic variables.

Team size, heterogeneity, and an aggregate measure of teamwork quality predicted the effectiveness of organizational problem solving teams in generating ideas and obtaining the acceptance of management for these ideas. The results of regression analyses revealed that large teams generated more total and implemented ideas than smaller teams. In addition to more total and implemented ideas, teams with higher functional heterogeneity and teamwork quality generated more total and implemented ideas per member. Team size also moderated the effects of self-reported teamwork quality such that larger teams showed a stronger positive relation of teamwork quality with total and implemented ideas than smaller teams. Management evaluations of the teams were unrelated to size, functional heterogeneity, and teamwork quality. The findings support the treatment of team size as an important predictor of effectiveness rather than relegating it to the status of a mere control variable. Also, the results support previous observations that subjective judgments of team effectiveness are not equivalent to objective measures and that researchers should use multiple criteria of team success. Finally, rather than relying on concurrent, cross-sectional designs, research is needed that uses predictive models to assess how well team characteristics forecast effectiveness.

This document presents the final report of the study on “Peace and Conflict Analysis (PCA) with a special focus on Gender and Inclusion in Cabo Delgado”. The objective of the study was to provide ADRA Germany, ADRA Mozambique and partners SEPA foundation, AMA, Islamic Council with a solid basis for developing a project concept, by undertaking comprehensive analysis of the peace and conflict components, resilience, gender and inclusion as well as sustainability of the proposed project. The PCA is used as a tool to assist in assessing the negative and positive effects of a project in conflict prone environment or situation by exploring its intended and unintended dimension, as well as identifying the interventions, which are likely to contribute to peace and those likely to worsen the conflict context.

While the effects of direct and indirect forms of contact on intergroup relations are well documented, little is known about their longitudinal co-development. Based on the social-psychological literature, we hypothesize that indirect contact predicts future direct contact by reducing intergroup anxiety.

Uncertainty of outcome and co-opetition are special features of sport products that are mainly addressed in sport economics . In sport management literature, these features are widely accepted as fundamental hypotheses (Hoye, Smith, Westerbeek, Stewart & Nicholson, 2006, pp. 4-5). Furthermore, IHIP characteristics, BIRGing superstar effects, CORFing, giant-killing effects, and backing the underdogs are acknowledged as special features of products (sport events) in sport management.

This work focused on intergroup relations between the Lorji people in present-day Imo State and the Owerrinta people in present-day Abia State, Nigeria. It was found that these groups had a variety of intergroup ties, ranging from socio-political to cultural exchanges to commercial relationships. A close-knit contact between Lorji and Owerrinta was evident from their related languages, festivals, and social and political organizational structures, among other things. A thorough analysis of these elements is the main focus of this study project. The historical methodologies used in the research included mutual help and human needs theories in addition to description, theme presentation, interpretation, and factual analysis. The present investigation used data from primary as well as secondary sources. Oral interviews with experts in the field were the major source, while archival materials from the National Archives of Enugu (NAE) and Calabar (NAC) served as additional primary sources. Secondary sources included newspaper articles, periodicals, journals, textbooks, and so on. Personal diaries, master's theses, and doctoral theses were among the related unpublished materials that were utilized. The results indicate that Lorji and Owerrinta had significant intergroup ties, mostly based on sociopolitical and economic issues related to the trade in palm oil and other palm products. This study demonstrates that the Lorji people of Imo State were not an isolated group and had relationships with their far-off neighbors, the Owerrinta, via social, political, and economic interactions as well as celebrations of culture and marriage. However, while this research has provided valuable insights, several avenues remain for further exploration to deepen our understanding of these interactions and their broader implications. First, expanding the scope to include comparative studies with other neighboring communities would offer a more comprehensive understanding of regional changes and relations. By examining the intergroup relations of Lorji and Owerrinta alongside those of adjacent communities, researchers can identify patterns and variations in interactions. This broader perspective would highlight unique and common factors influencing intergroup relations, thereby enriching the historical narrative of the region. Second, a detailed analysis of the impact of colonial and post-colonial policies on Lorji and Owerrinta interactions is crucial. Third, investigating the role of gender in intergroup relations, with a particular focus on women's participation in economic and socio-political exchanges, is essential. Fourth, the utilization of advanced digital archival resources and geographical information systems (GIS) for mapping historical trade routes and settlement patterns offers significant potential. Finally, exploring the contemporary implications of historical relations, such as current intergroup conflicts or cooperation, can provide valuable insights into present-day community relations and development strategies.

Although women are consistently underpaid relative to men working in comparable jobs, women generally do not consider themselves unfairly paid. Recent work on social comparison of pay outcomes has shown that people prefer to compare themselves with others who are similar to themselves on dimensions such as job and sex. Equity theory would suggest that, to the extent that women compare their pay with that of women or same-job others, they should feel relatively satisfied with their pay. To examine this issue, 21 male and 28 female college students were assigned to work on one of two identical jobs and were paid a fixed amount for their work. Pay standards were manipulated so that in one job comparison men were paid higher than women while in the other job comparison women were paid more than men. Subjects saw the wage paid to a person they had chosen as a comparison other and then indicated how satisfied they were with their own pay. The results showed that both men and women preferred to make same-job/same-sex pay comparisons. Subjects who had acquired comparison information indicating that others had been paid a lower wage felt entitled to less money and were more satisfied with their pay than were subjects who had learned that others received a higher wage. Women are likely to remain blind to their inequitable wages as long as they continue to make sex-based wage comparisons. (NB)

Carnaval de Negros y Blancos is a mixed- race festive
act inscribed on UNESCO's list of intangible cultural
heritage (ICH). It hosts collective gatherings that provide
opportunities for identity emergence and reaffirmation,
where heritage owners lead top- down and bottom- up
safeguarding efforts. This study aims to document
the processes of collective action for sustainability,
by analyzing top- down and bottom- up initiatives for
safeguarding. We conducted a mixed- methods study in
Pasto, Colombia, using data from interviews with ICH
stakeholders (n = 59) and from surveys with carnival
players (n = 403). Heritage safeguarding, peacebuilding,
human expression, transcendent experience, and evolving
identities are the main themes within safeguarding
movements. Additionally, the quality of participation in
the event, either as performer or not performer at Senda
del Carnaval, relates to sociocognitive and emotional
processes of both social movements and collective
gatherings. Findings portray ICH as a context for
sustainable cities and communities, as well as increased
peace, justice, and responsive institutions

Social support consists of the emotional, informational, and instrumental resources we receive from others, and buffers against negative health outcomes. However, as an eligibility criterion for scarce medical resources, such as organ transplants, it can be vague, subjective, and vulnerable to bias. In three studies, we examine bias associated with marital status, and assess whether those with nonspousal relationships with their caregivers (e.g., divorcees) and those without documented primary caregivers experience bias in transplant listing evaluations. We found evidence of bias against those with nonspousal relationships with their caregivers. Divorced patients were perceived as having less durable and adequate social support than those who were married to their caregivers. Divorced patients were also perceived as less deserving of a transplant and were less likely to be recommended for transplant wait-listing. Recommendations for avoiding bias in social support evaluations are di...

When in the summer of 2022, Abdel Hernandez shared with me a digitized copy in a Word document of one of his last four most important books, I was absolutely convinced, even without having read a single line of the text, that I was faced with a book of crucial character. for the field of phenomenological reflection of the 21st century. This prologue was the result of that reading after exchanging reflections throughout an extensive conversation lasting for a year in which I proposed to Abdel the publication of El correlato de mundo, the title with which the author summarized the essential thesis. from his book. 1) The genesis of a world: its beginnings. Cuban academic and philosophical thought of the second half of the 20th century (Lourdes Rensoli, Jorge

Researchers studying social identity and intergroup relations have traditionally approached group behavior as an interaction between the individual, the group, and the social context in which the individual and group are embedded. is approach has been quite fruitful, as evidenced by the proliferation of theories and studies over the last several decades that have identi ed the psychological and sociocontextual features that are likely to give rise to particular group behaviors (e.g., in-group bias, discrimination, intergroup hostility). However, these theories are based largely on how individuals are predicted to respond and behave under particular circumstances, o en without explicit consideration of the interdependence among individuals or the group-level outcomes that may emerge as a result of the interactions among individual actors. is approach is similar to a tra c engineer attempting to understand tra c patterns by examining the motivations and behaviors of individual drivers. Individual-level theories may tell the engineer that drivers attempt to maximize the speed of their car and avoid erratic fellow drivers. But understanding why tra c jams occur requires consideration of how the behavior of one driver a ects the behavior of multiple other drivers and how these behaviors unfold over time. In this chapter, we echo the sentiment of other researchers

Après avoir passé l'ensemble de mon cursus universitaire à Paris Nanterre (neuf années !), il est temps pour moi d'adresser mes remerciements à l'ensemble des personnes ayant contribué à la poursuite de ce parcours, et plus spécifiquement à l'aboutissement de ce travail de thèse. Puisque c'est un des moyens de pouvoir gratifier ceux qui ont contribué à ce travail, je prie à celui ou celle qui ne trouverait pas son prénom dans ce paragraphe de bien vouloir m'excuser si j'omets de le mentionner ; sachez que la charge cognitive à ce stade de rédaction est infinie. Je commencerai par remercier les rapporteurs de ce travail de thèse, à savoir Juan Manuel Falomir-Pichastor et Benoit Testé pour leur regard et leur intérêt vis-à-vis du manuscrit. Il en est de même pour Constantina Badéa et David Bourguignon qui ont accepté d'examiner mon travail mais également Benoit Montalan qui a contribué au suivi de cette thèse. J'aimerais remercier Peggy Chekroun. Malgré le fait que nous n'étions pas destinés à travailler ensemble, je vous remercie pour la confiance que m'avez accordée. Merci d'avoir cru en moi, de m'avoir accompagné dans ce travail, soutenu dans les (quelques ?) moments difficiles et d'avoir pleinement contribué à ma formation de jeune chercheur. J'en suis extrêmement reconnaissant et j'espère à l'avenir pouvoir continuer à travailler avec vous. Je remercie Patrick Gosling qui m'a donné goût à la Psychologie Sociale dès les cours de L2 en abordant ce phénomène fascinant qu'est la dissonance cognitive, mais également en encadrant mes travaux de mémoire durant mes deux années de Master. Merci pour votre patience et de m'avoir donné l'envie nécessaire pour poursuivre un travail de thèse. Je remercie l'ensemble des titulaires de l'équipe avec qui j'ai pu échanger tout au long de mon cursus. J'ai une pensée particulière pour Constantina Badéa qui m'a accompagné dès la L1 et ce fameux cours de MTU. Chaque année, tu m'as encouragé à poursuivre dans cette voie et toujours supporté pour que je puisse réussir. C'est un honneur pour moi que tu puisses participer à l'aboutissement de ce travail. J'aimerais adresser un grand merci à Oulmann Zerhouni pour ses feedbacks, notre complicité enrichissante et stimulante ; mais également pour son humour (complètement fazel quand même). A Anthony Lantian, qui a toujours été présent pour répondre à mes questions et à Jean-Baptiste Légal, toujours bienveillant à mon égard. A Ève Legrand, qui malgré sa récente arrivée, fait partie des personnes à l'écoute et avec qui j'aimerais échanger plus souvent. Je remercie enfin Thierry Meyer, Corinne Mazé et Jean-François Verlhiac pour leur gentillesse et leur disponibilité. J'aimerais également remercier Laurence Conty, qui dès le M2, a toujours été disponible et bienveillante à mon égard. J'adresse ma reconnaissance à tout le personnel administratif de l'UFR SPSE, mais également à l'École doctorale 139 qui ont permis d'assurer le bon déroulement de ces années de thèse. Je pense également à l'ensemble des étudiants qui ont participé aux travaux menés et sans qui ce travail ne serait réalisé. J'aimerais témoigner ma reconnaissance pour l'ensemble des doctorants qui m'ont mis dans les conditions nécessaires pour commencer, c'est le cas de Laurène, Alexis et Anissa mais également des doctorants de la C14. J'ai une pensée particulière pour Clément, avec qui j'ai

Abstract
Objective
This study aims to investigate the psychometric properties of the Herth Hope Index (HHI) in a sample of Ecuadorian university students.
Method
A psychometric examination of the HHI was performed using both Classical Test Theory (CTT) and Item Response Theory (IRT).
Sample
The study involved 879 university students from 10 public universities in Ecuador, of which 79.6% were women and 20.4% men. The ages of the participants ranged between 18 and 67 years (M = 29.71; SD = 7.92).
Results
The CTT analyzes indicated that the HHI is best adjusted through a bifactor model, which includes: a) Temporality and Expectation; b) Interconnection factors; and c) A general factor. The internal consistency of the scores was high for all factors and the HHI demonstrated convergence with the Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS). analyzes with IRT revealed that the HHI items had high discrimination and appropriate levels of difficulty, indicating that the scale effectively measures the latent construct of hope with a required skill level ranging from low to average.
Conclusion
The HHI is a valid and reliable measure to evaluate hope in university students in Ecuador.

The UK vote to leave the European Union in June 2016 surprised and confounded academics and commentators alike. Existing accounts have focused on anti-immigration attitudes, anti-establishment sentiment and on the ‘left behind’, as well as on national identity. This paper expands the range of possible explanations for the vote by considering a wider range of identity measures, including class and racial identities, and by considering in detail the role played by connectedness to others and to localities. We find evidence that racial identity was particularly important for White British voters, extending our understanding of the relationship between territorial identities, ethnicity and attitudes towards the European Union. Connectedness via networks also structures attitudes, with those with higher levels of and more diverse connections having more favourable attitudes towards the EU. Whilst these effects are smaller than those of education and age, they are nonetheless comparable w...

When one learns of any horrific act done in history, one question often arises: How? How could’ve this happened? This paper examines how much that question can be answered with a single word: dehumanization. The concept of dehumanization as an enabler to mass human atrocities will be showcased through a historical case study of the Holocaust, and further extended in connections to modern manifestations. In the case study, three key mechanisms of dehumanization will be highlighted: military actions, propaganda, and institutions. The conclusion of the study asserts that dehumanization encourages passivity in individuals that extremism relies upon to thrive. Furthermore, the findings from the case study and modern examples demonstrate modern mechanisms often operate more subtly, leaving human individuals vulnerable to perhaps the most dangerous form of dehumanization: self-protective dehumanization. Lastly, the Implications & Solution section underscores the need for very vigilant critical thinking and self-analysis to resist and prevail over dehumanization in human society.

The present work, of a conceptual nature, aims to discuss the complex links between the intersubjective processes that occur in human groups and the permanent development of Subjectivity and individual identity. We will address the family ties, certain anthropological notions and some aspects of the Psychoanalysis of the Linking Configurations.

The psychologist must be aware of the complexity and contradictions of the society in which he/she lives, and his/her position relative to this reality. This study is a critical reflection on the complex issues involved in the role and function of the family actually, approaching the consequences of the disruption of the bonds between the members of the current Brazilian families. We discuss possible interventions by the teams of public facilities for Health and Social Welfare, discussed from the author's experience as supervisor of these institutions, over ten years of interventions. The method used was the 'operative groups' and Psychoanalysis of bond configurations and the result achieved was further integration and effectiveness in the professional performance of these teams.

Por último temos três artigos que exploram a temática das configurações familiares. Dois focam na estratégia do Acompanhamento Terapêutico, muito utilizada no tratamento in loco de usuários que frequentam serviços da Saúde Mental e o terceiro sobre o exercício da parentalidade dentro da dinâmica familiar contemporânea. Assim, a Vínculo a um só tempo torna visível o que por aqui se faz e se pensa e trava diálogo com outras realidades socioculturais, como a francesa, que neste número tem na contribuição de Claudine Vacheret um símbolo. No seu percurso histórico, a Revista tem se consolidado como uma peça de resistência no cenário editorial brasileiro e latino-americano. Ela se abre aos registros de expressões de profissionais e de pesquisadores, não necessariamente vinculados a instituições universitárias, que procuram dar sentidos e nomes ao que vivem e fazem. Ao fazê-lo, firma-se como espaço de diálogo construtivo e potente, porque amplia noções do que produzir conhecimento pode significar. E se nos atentarmos devidamente para nossa imersão na sociedade do desempenho, tal como tem sido debatido por Byung-Chul Han, resistirmos, em alguma medida, a movimentos de mercantilização e de precarização da vida, do trabalho, e (também) da ciência, pode tomar dimensões homéricas.

The massive diffusion of social media fosters disintermediation and changes the way users are informed, the way they process reality, and the way they engage in public debate. The cognitive layer of users and the related social dynamics define the nature and the dimension of informational threats. Users show the tendency to interact with information adhering to their preferred narrative and to ignore dissenting information. Confirmation bias seems to account for users' decisions about consuming and spreading content; and, at the same time, aggregation of favored information within those communities reinforces group polarization. In this work, the authors address the problem of (mis)information operations with a holistic and integrated approach. Cognitive weakness induced by this new information environment are considered. Moreover, (mis)information operations, with particular reference to the Italian context, are considered; and the fact that the phenomenon is more complex than ...

Sport team identification has been considered a cornerstone construct in explaining sport fan behavior. The employment of an appropriate instrument is of paramount importance for academics who wish to comprehend sport fandom. The purpose of the present study was twofold: First, to further evaluate a newly developed unidimensional scale for assessing sport team identification (the Sport Team Identification Scale; STIS) within the classical test theory framework. Second, to empirically compare it with the multidimensional Team Identification Scale (TIS) in terms of psychometric characteristics and predictive valence. The sample consisted of 471 basketball team supporters. The findings supported the sound psychometric properties of the STIS and the TIS. In addition, the STIS was found to have better predictive power when compared to the TIS. The theoretical implications of the study are discussed.

Moral foundations research suggests that liberals care about moral values related to individual rights such as harm and fairness, while conservatives care about those foundations in addition to caring more about group rights such as loyalty, authority, and purity. However, the question remains about how conservatives and liberals differ in relation to group-level moral principles. We used two versions of the moral foundations questionnaire with the target group being either abstract or specific ingroups or outgroups. Across three studies, we observed that liberals showed more endorsement of Individualizing foundations (Harm and Fairness foundations) with an outgroup target, while conservatives showed more endorsement of Binding foundations (Loyalty, Authority, and Purity foundations) with an ingroup target. This general pattern was found when the framed, target-group was abstract (i.e., 'ingroups' and 'outgroups' in Study 1) and when target groups were specified about a general British-ingroup and an immigrant-outgroup (Studies 2 and 3). In Studies 2 and 3, both Individualizing-Ingroup Preference and Binding-Ingroup Preference scores predicted more Attitude Bias and more Negative Attitude Bias toward immigrants (Studies 2 and 3), more Implicit Bias (Study 3), and more Perceived Threat from immigrants (Studies 2 and 3). We also demonstrated that increasing liberalism was associated with less Attitude Bias and less Negative Bias toward immigrants (Studies 2 and 3), less Implicit Bias (Study 3), and less Perceived Threat from immigrants (Studies 2 and 3). Outgroup-individualizing foundations and Ingroup-Binding foundations showed different patterns of mediation of these effects.