INFLUENCE OF INTERNATIONAL REMITTANCES ON POVERTY REDUCTION AND INFRASTRUCTURE PROVISION IN EGOR LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA, EDO STATE, NIGERIA

European Journal of Sustainable Development

Poverty in Nigeria is more prevalent in therural sector due to dwindling and inequitabledistribution of real income. Remittances (money and goods sent by migrants to relativesback home) can be poverty reducing. However,the extent to which remittances affectpoverty and income inequality has not been adequately documented inNigeria.This paperuses a large, nationally-representative household survey to analyse the impact of domesticremittances (from Nigeria) and foreign remittances (from African and other countries) onpoverty in rural Nigeria. The socioeconomic characteristics showed that on the average,households that received foreign remittanceshad older heads (61.7± 19.7 years), smallerhousehold size (4.0 ± 2.5), bigger land size(18.53±26.5 ha), higherliteracy rate (0.50 ±0.5) and non-poor (0.08 ±0.3) with higher annual per capita expenditure (₦111,768 ±₦179,868). Poverty analysis showed that both types of remittances reduce the level,depth and severity of poverty in rural Nigeria.Ho...

Poverty in Nigeria is more prevalent in the rural sector due to dwindling and inequitable distribution of real income. Remittances (money and goods sent by migrants to relatives back home) can be poverty reducing. However, the extent to which remittances affect poverty and income inequality has not been adequately documented in Nigeria.This paper uses a large, nationally-representative household survey to analyse the impact of domestic remittances (from Nigeria) and foreign remittances (from African and other countries) on poverty in rural Nigeria. The socioeconomic characteristics showed that on the average, households that received foreign remittances had older heads (61.7 ± 19.7 years), smaller household size (4.0 ± 2.5), bigger land size (18.53±26.5 ha), higher literacy rate (0.50 ± 0.5) and non-poor (0.08 ±0.3) with higher annual per capita expenditure (₦111,768 ± ₦179,868). Poverty analysis showed that both types of remittances reduce the level, depth and severity of poverty i...

2018

This study assessed the types and channels of domestic remittances received by rural households as well as the dimensions of poverty and its effect on domestic remittance among rural households in Ogun State. A Structured questionnaire was used to obtain primary data from 223 respondents drawn through multi-stage sampling technique from the study area. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics, Multidimensional Poverty Index and Binary Logit regression. Findings revealed that 57.4% of the household heads were male, 58% were married, 44.3% had primary education and 62.4% received domestic remittances with a mean age and household size of 55 years and 4 persons respectively. Half (50.4%) of the respondents received cash remittances and 62% received remittances through personal delivery. Result showed Poverty Index bench mark of 0.333, 59.3% of the rural households were poor with a poverty intensity of 0.658 Age squared (p<0.01), remittance income (p<0.10), and farm size (p...

The triumvirate nexus existing among migration, remittances and development has been a subject of great attention and seminal discussion lately. Remittances, which are the major product of Internal or international migration has been considered as a veritable vehicle that galvanises development both at the micro and the macro level. At the micro level, remittances, contribute significantly to human development vide the alleviation poverty, improvement of living standards, enhancement of access to education and healthcare for the families of migrants. Specifically, this paper evaluates the effect of remittances on the society of origin at the micro level. The study adopts a qualitative approach, which involves the review of literature and key informant interviews of 18 notable indigenes of Idoani town. The study discovers that migrants remit money which improves the access of family members left behind to education and healthcare, and which also serves as poverty alleviation mechanism to them. It was also established that remittances contributes immensely to improving the living standards in the society of origin through the collective provision of a range of social amenities by Home Town Unions/Associations

2020

This paper focuses on the effects of international migration and received remittances on rural households in Edo State, Nigeria. The empirical results are based on a quantitative and qualitative survey of 240 household heads. The findings show that some households in the study received remittances from migrants outside the country in cash and items; the dominant channel for receiving money being Western Union money transfer. The mean amount received by households in the past 12 months was N543,000. Households who received money in the past 12 months used it for the purchase of food items, debt repayment and the education of household members. Data revealed that international migration affected households' agricultural productive capacity in ways such as a decline in food production and farming activities. There was a significant difference in assets such as plots of land and the number of houses owned after migrants left overseas. Considering the poverty reduction effect that international remittances have, this type of remittances must be encouraged. Moreover, policies to encourage better use of remittance funds could be focused more on small household size, female-headed households and households with elderly heads as they are likely to receive more remittances.

IJIRD, 2016

Abstract: The study evaluates the contribution of migrants to rural infrastructural development in Otukpo Local Government Area of Benue State. The research data were obtained through inventory of infrastructure in rural areas, questionnaire and focused group discussion. The study used 307 respondents and 92 discussants for data collection. Research data were presented in tabular form. The chi-square was used in testing the research hypothesis. The finding shows that migrants do send remittance to their home of origin and their contribution to rural infrastructural development in Otukpo Local Government Area is significant. These infrastructures include educational facilities, roads, culverts, local bridges, water supply, power supply, health facilities and market stores. Monetary remittances were often made by the migrants through donation at public functions, while the decision on how to invest community resources is vested on the community. The challenges faced by migrants in developing infrastructures in rural areas include corruption and embezzlement of funds by community and youth leaders, lack of commitment to rural projects, lack of understanding and cooperation between migrants and home communities as well as poor implementation of public projects. The study recommend adherence to societal laws and orders, strict punishment of corrupt persons, cooperation among various facet of the society as well as encouraging Government, private individual and communities to collaborate in funding rural infrastructural projects. This will help in developing the rural areas. Keywords: Migration, migrants, remittances, infrastructure and development.

BJSTR, 2022

The welfare status among households in Nigeria is generally low. Past studies have emphasised the significance of remittance in enhancing the welfare status of the households. Thus, the study seeks to establish the link between remittance and households’ welfare status in Nigeria. The data used were sourced from the Living Standard Measurement Survey (LSMS, 2015/2016) collected by National Bureau of Statistics (NBS), comprising 4,068 households. Descriptive statistics, Multidimensional Welfare Index (MWI) and Tobit regression model were the analytical techniques employed.

2015

This paper investigates the relationship between remittance expenditure patterns and its human development implications in migrant sending communities of Nigeria. In Nigeria, migrant sending communities spread across the country and the expenditure patterns of remittance receipts are likely to differ in characterization along states or geographical regions. This possibility is expected to significantly affect the human development outcomes of remittance expenditures in these communities within the country. The paper therefore probes into the extent to which human development outcomes in migrant sending communities of Nigeria can be associated with remittance expenditure patterns across the country. The study employs survey data from the World Bank Migration and Remittances Household Surveys in Sub-Saharan Africa, 2009/2010. Descriptive analyses of the data were conducted to achieve the objectives of the study. The results clearly exhibit remittance expenditure patterns across the re...

Progress in Development Studies, 2015

Nigeria is currently ranked as the world's top 10 remittance destination country with estimated official inflows of about US$10 billion. However, very little is still known about the enduse dynamics of these large inflows into Nigeria. Understanding these dynamics is central to any attempt to minimize the negative effects of migration, while optimizing its development potentials in the country. Using a new dataset involving 697 end users of remittances collected at money operating facilities in the country between the periods of March 2011 and December 2012, the study finds that the bulk of remittances flowing into Nigeria, are primarily used to subsidize households' consumption, education and health expenditures (74.3%). However, intriguingly, when sources are disaggregated, the study finds that remittances originating from within Africa are driven by 'Pure Altruism', whereas those originating from the rest of the world are mostly driven by 'Purely Selfish' motives.

SSRN Electronic Journal

This study analyzes the impact of remittances on poverty in Nigeria, using data from the 2004 Nigerian National Living Standard Survey (NNLSS). The paper used a multinomial logit model with instrumental variables and the propensity score matching (PSM) method to estimate the impact of remittances on poverty. The use of these methods was based on two reasons. The first is to control for the problems of selectivity and endogeneity. The second is the fact that the implicit hypothesis of estimating the expenditures of the counterfactual group, as done in some previous studies, is in similarity between the group that receives remittances (treated) and the other that does not (untreated). The study finds that both internal and international remittances reduce the incidence, depth and severity of poverty. The statistical tests show a significant Average Treatment Effect on the Treated (ATT), due to internal and external remittances. The receipt of internal remittances reduces the poverty headcount by 11.14% and poverty gap by 9.7% while the receipt of international remittances makes poverty indices almost nil.