Medieval Archaeology

During a stormy night on February 12, 2020, a large ship fragment appeared on the North Sea shore of the Dutch island of Terschelling. The timbers turned out to have belonged to a wooden ship, of which the lower strakes were lapstrake built, and the upper strakes were flush-laid. The clinker strakes were interconnected with rivets as well as small wooden plugs, and both clinker and carvel parts were built shell-first. The aim of this paper is to present the latest results of the research, and to place the wreck find in a wider context of European shipbuilding traditions.

n 1872, the master glassmaker Carl Lange from the Schierbach glassworks in Nienstädt in what was then Schaumburg-Lippe intended to set up his own glass factory in Stadthagen. In the building application he wrote to the Stadthagen town council on April 16, 1872: “ [...] for the time being only one hut will be built, employing 12 to 13 glassmakers [...]”.  Who were these first glassmakers who dared to make such a new start with Carl Lange, where did they come from and what social relationships did these first glassmaking families have with each other? The author asked himself these questions years ago as part of his personal family research. The present work is intended to provide an answer.

„Részemről egyetlen megyére sem voltam kénytelen aránylag annyi időt és fáradtságot fordítani, mint Bács- és Bodrog megyére.” Csánki Dezső szavai jól tükrözik, hogy a középkori Magyar Királyság déli felének kutatása mennyire körülményes és nehéz feladat. Az alábbi tanulmányban arra teszünk kísérletet, hogy a Délvidék egyik virágzó és rendkívül sűrű középkori településhálózattal rendelkező régiójának, Bodrog vármegyének a településhálózatát bemutassuk a 16. század török deftereinek a segítségével, melyek a
szórványosnak és hézagosnak tekinthető középkori forrásainkkal ellentétben szisztematikusan leltárba vették a térség városait, falvait, pusztáit.2 A két korszak forrásanyagát egymás kiegészítéseképpen dolgoztuk fel, segítségével az eddigieknél részletesebb képet tudunk adni e vidék török hódítás utáni sorsáról. Első lépésként bemutatnánk azt a két projektet, amelyek lehetővé tették vállalkozásunkat a településhálózat feltárására.

A primeira inferência a retirar deste livro prende-se com um traço constante dos emblemas heráldicos observados, desde os mais remotos até aos mais recentes: todos funcionam como instrumento não apenas de identificação de um indivíduo, uma família, uma instituição ou uma entidade abstracta (pense-se nas armas de Cristo ou da Paixão), mas também como forma de comunicação visual num determinado contexto. Contexto político e institucional, que determina quem pode (ou deve) comunicar, onde e com que meios. Contexto social e cultural, que influi na natureza do sinal heráldico e no seu lastro semântico. Esta necessária contextualização significa que um determinado emblema heráldico, para além do valor simbólico que lhe pode ser atribuído de forma abstracta, tem necessariamente um valor específico em cada uma das suas manifestações plásticas, porque deve ser entendido como forma de auto-representação e de comunicação social. Com os emissores, meios, destinatários e observadores que caracterizam cada uma destas manifestações.
Por isso, o presente percurso optou pela caracterização da heráldica cascalense em três períodos distintos. No primeiro, pudemos observar como, na Idade Moderna e na primeira Idade Contemporânea, a heráldica desta vila estratégica mas pobre girou em torno de escassos armígeros: a Coroa, antes de mais, como não podia deixar de ser numa praça desta importância; depois, a família que desde o final da Idade Média deteve o senhorio da vila; por fim, as instituições religiosas que formavam uma componente indispensável da sociedade pré-revolucionária. Haveria porventura outros exemplares, que permitissem talvez mitigar a exclusividade heráldica destas três entidades, mas não chegaram até aos nossos dias, sobretudo por causa do terremoto de 1755, que vibrou um golpe tão duro na povoação.
No segundo período, a heráldica testemunha a regeneração da vila decadente, ocorrida na segunda metade do século XIX, projectada a partir de então como sede privilegiada de vilegiatura da alta sociedade portuguesa. Os sinais heráldicos disseminados pela vila dão conta de como a aristocracia de corte se apropriou dos seus espaços, moldando-os segundo um padrão de disseminação que tinha como epicentro a própria família real, propagando-se depois, em círculos concêntricos, pelas casas titulares, pela nobreza não-titular e pelos homens de finanças que se juntaram a esta elite, mimetizando os seus comportamentos sociais e culturais – inclusive no que se reporta ao uso de emblemas heráldicos.
No terceiro período, a heráldica prolonga ainda os usos cortesãos da época anterior; mas vai-se gradualmente impondo um outro padrão, focado numa dimensão institucional. Os emblemas que, a partir de então, se inscrevem no espaço urbano prendem-se essencialmente com a afirmação da Câmara Municipal e de vários organismos do Estado, como a Capitania do Porto, Guarda Fiscal e Centro de Instrução de Artilharia Anti-Aérea de Cascais. Sem esquecer, neste período como no anterior, os exemplares que têm valor evocativo, quer num espírito colecionista, quer num propósito homenageador.
Dos três períodos citados, emerge uma constante: a relação privilegiada entre heráldica e espaço. Os emblemas heráldicos funcionam como expressões visuais enunciadoras de determinada posição social ou institucional, não apenas num sentido meramente representativo, mas para que tal posição se consubstancie efectivamente, por via da apropriação simbólica do espaço. Esta observação leva-nos ao ponto final do presente livro. O percurso pela heráldica cascalense revelou-se inseparável do estudo dos edifícios em que ela foi aposta. Neste sentido, verifica-se uma relação intrínseca entre o código heráldico e os propósitos subjacentes à arquitectura e ao urbanismo da vila. A rigor, não se pode compreender as manifestações heráldicas estudadas sem perceber para que fins e como foram concebidos os espaços e os edifícios em que elas se inserem. Mas o inverso é também verdade: deixar de lado a heráldica obnubila a compreensão da arquitectura e do urbanismo desta vila. Assim possa semelhante estudo revelar-se útil para aqueles que desejam compreender a história de Cascais.

dans Stéphanie Adroit, Isabelle Régen, « Voir, donner à voir, dissimuler. (In)visibilité dans les espaces funéraires de la Méditerranée, du Néolithique à l’Antiquité », Table ronde inter-équipes du laboratoire Archéologie des Sociétés Méditerranéennes", UMR 5140-ASM, université Montpellier 3 - Paul Valéry, 10 avril 2025.

This study analyses the development of bathing practices in medieval England through examination of a group of medical texts, including collections of remedies from the Old English period, such as Bald's Leechbook and the Lacnunga, and later treatises, such as the Middle English translations of the Secreta Secretorum and a rewriting of Gilbertus Anglicus's Compendium Medicinae. The contribution shows how in the Old English period prescriptions of therapeutic baths are scattered, yet they are used to cure a variety of diseases, while, in the Middle English period, also thanks to the influence of the Salernitan school, bathing starts playing an increasingly vital role in medical practices, so that sections of medical treatises are devoted to baths and their therapeutic virtues. 1 This publication is part of the results of a research project entitled 'Cleansing Water: Water and Baptism in Old English Poetry' that has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Skłodowska-Curie grant agreement No. 744615.

Ushbu ilmiy-amaliy konferensiyaning asosiy maqsadi arxitektura tarixi va nazariyasi, arxitektura yodgorliklari konstruksiyalari va qurilish materiallari, turizm sohasini rivojlantirishda arxitektura yodgorliklarining tutgan o‘rni va ahamiyati, madaniy meros ob’ektlarini saqlashda axborot texnologiyalar, arxitektura va shaharsozlikning rivojlanishi, atrof-muhit muhofazasi, yer va suv resurslari, muqobil energiyadan oqilona foydalanishda arxitektura va qurilishning roli, energiya va resurs tejamkor qurilish materiallari, buyumlari va konstruksiyalari, ekologiya va tabiiy atrof-muhitni muhofaza qilish kabi masalalarga bag‘ishlangan ilmiy maqola va tezislardan iborat.

This article presents an interdisciplinary programme for research on historic landscapes that has emerged since 2020 in the framework of the project Terraces as Sustainable Agricultural Environments ('TerraSAgE'). While the methodology has been tested in specific Mediterranean case studies, it is also applicable in other locations and regions. Our integrated approach provides new insights into the development of terraced agrarian landscapes and the changing dynamics in land management. It can provide knowledge of the extent to which past change has influenced present-day landscapes and has implications for the development of sustainable landscape practices. The research framework proposed here has been tested through case studies in different landscape types across southern Europe, including small-scale mixed farming landscapes of the Aegean islands (Naxos, Greece); terraces for vines and olives (Pelješac, Croatia); a landscape of dairy production (northern Apennines, Italy), which was until quite recently agroforestry; modern cereal cultivation (around Els Prats de Rei, Catalonia, Spain); upland irrigated landscapes on the slopes of the Sierra Nevada (Andalucia, Spain) and mixed farming in a wooded Atlantic environment (Galicia, Spain). 1 | Introduction Across the world terraced landscapes have been created to produce diverse crops, to improve soils and to manage water resources-historically, they have been widespread in many areas of both dry-land and irrigated agriculture. Despite occurring commonly in the Americas, Europe, Africa and Asia, the history of agricultural terraces has remained poorly This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Der seit über 30 Jahren archäologisch erforschte Fundplatz von Kalkriese wird mit der historischen Varusschlacht im Jahr 9 n. Chr. in Verbindung gebracht. Während sich die meisten Kontroversen um die zeitliche Einordnung und die damit verbundene historische Kontextualisierung drehten, blieben die Deutungen zu den Verlaufsszenarien auf dem Schlachtfeld weitgehend ohne Diskussion. Lange wurde das Kalkriese-Narrativ durch einen von den Germanen angelegten Hinterhalt bestimmt. Durch neuere Grabungen wurde dieses durch die Annahme eines römischen Marschlagers, das letztlich im Laufe der Kampfhandlungen überrannt wurde, abgelöst. Beide Szenarien sind jeweils unmittelbar mit einem Baubefund verknüpft. Durch eine jüngst vorgelegte geoarchäologische Studie wird beiden Ansätzen der Boden entzogen. Die jeweiligen Strukturen datieren demnach ins Mittelalter. Die Studie wird hier in ihren Grundlagen und Ergebnissen auf den Prüfstand gestellt. Es zeigt sich, dass diese wissenschaftlich keinen hinreichenden Anhaltspunkt liefern, die bisherigen Deutungen zurückzuweisen.

Soprintendenza per i beni e le attività culturali, Ufficio beni archeologici; Giorgia Gentilini: architetto libero professionista. Con l'apertura del cantiere di restauro del complesso casa Gerloni in Piazza Duomo a Trento, la Soprintendenza per i Beni Culturali ha richiesto di integrare il progetto architettonico con lo studio morfologico-stratigrafico sulla ex casa-torre Bellesini. Si tratta di un edificio medievale a pianta quadrangolare alto 16 m. L'edificio insiste su strutture di età romana che sono state indagate nel fundo turris. Tra la fine del XII secolo e l'inizio del XIII secolo si cominciò a costruire la casa-torre (26 mq e spessore murario di circa 1 m). La conoscenza dei materiali attraverso le fasi costruttive e trasformative documentate sono stati sia strumento guida per il progetto di restauro sia occasione di aggiornamento delle fasi di evoluzione urbanistica della città. With the opening of the restoration works on the Gerloni complex in Piazza Duomo, Trento, the Superintendence for Cultural Heritage has requested the integration of the architectural project with a morphological-stratigraphic study of the former Bellesini house-tower. This is a medieval building with a rectangular plan, 16 meters high. The building stands on Roman structures that have been investigated in the fundo turris. Between the end of the 12th century and the beginning of the 13th century, construction of the house-tower began (26 sqm with a wall thickness of about 1 meter). The knowledge of materials through the documented construction and transformation phases has served as both a guiding tool for the restoration project and an opportunity to update the phases of the city's urban evolution. Trient forderte die Oberaufsichtsbehörde für das kulturelle Erbe, das architektonische Projekt durch eine morphologisch-stratigraphische Studie des ehemaligen Bellesini-Turmhauses zu ergänzen. Es handelt sich um ein mittelalterliches Gebäude mit viereckigem Grundriss und einer Höhe von 16 m. Das Gebäude ruht auf Strukturen aus römischer Zeit, die im Fundo Turris untersucht wurden. Zwischen dem Ende des 12. und dem Beginn des 13. Jahrhunderts begannen die Bauarbeiten an dem Turmhaus (26 m² und eine Wandstärke von ca. 1 m). Die Kenntnis der Materialien durch die dokumentierten Bau-und Umbauphasen war sowohl ein Leitfaden für das Restaurierungsprojekt als auch eine Möglichkeit, die Phasen der städtischen Entwicklung zu aktualisieren.

U ovom članku se daje kratki povijesni osvrt na predmete izrađene od kose, tehnike rada s organskim materijalom (kosom) te kemijska analiza veziva. Zatim se opisuje predmet i zatečeno stanje te postupci konzervatorsko- restauratorskih zahvata čišćenja, integracije, nadogradnje, konsolidacije i retuša.This paper presents a short historical overview of artefacts made of hair, the techniques of working with an organic material (hair) and the chemical analysis of the adhesive. The artefact is then described, as is its condition as found, and the procedures of the conservation and restoration interventions of cleaning, integration, rebuilding missing sections, consolidation and retouching

I N CE WAINWRIGHT'S clear definition of the Pictish problem nearly twenty years ago, many scholars have added valuable information relating to various aspects of its solution. Recent publications have concentrated largely on careful scrutiny of the literary works of the Picts and their contemporaries as well as on detailed analyses and comparative studies of Pictish art. It is generally accepted that past generations of archaeologists, lacking modern sophisticated dating techniques, failed to differentiate Pictish material from that of a general iron age context; but now this difficulty is being overcome, although archaeologists still have little conception of the social and economic organization of the Pictish peoples as revealed by domestic artifacts. Despite the paucity of archaeological material, the historical geographer can make a significant contribution; first, by analysing spatial relationships, and secondly, through an environmental approach based on the recognition that a fundamental relationship exists between a society and its environment. Both these approaches are employed in this study ofPictish settlement. Among theories that have been put forward already by various authors are those of Wainwright,' who hinted at an indefinite association between the Picts and souterrains, and or-Whittington and Soulsby,> who were able to draw positive conclusions from a comparison of the distribution of pit place names with soils and the agricultural potential of the environment. A relationship between the Picts and timber-laced forts has been demonstrated at Burgheads where radiocarbon dates indicated construction in the 4th century A.D.; while the discovery at Craig Phadrig of a clay mould for an escutcheon of a hanging-bowl together with 'E' ware, and radio-carbon dates from the same site indicate the reuse of such forts within the period of the historical Picts-; at Cullykhan also the excavator has postulated Pictish reuse of the vitrified fort5. Other relationships, hitherto r Wainwright (1955). For shortened references, see List of Sources, p. 65. 2 Whittington and Soulsby (1968). 3 Small (1969)' 4 Small and Cottam (1972). 5 . 43

This article will use a range of sources to show traces of continuity or breakdown among the Islamic population of Toledo from Andalusi to Mudejar times. The archaeological information from the campaigns in Toledo’s cemeteries will provide a contrast with Christian and Arabic written sources about the location of their grounds and the practical limitations accorded by Christians to burial customs. The corpus of Islamic literature includes theoretical treatises of fiqḥ, Islamic breviaries –one of them from Ocaña, a nearby town in the cultural zone of influence of Toledo) and the proceedings of the meetings of a sufi confraternity in Toledo (active c. 1400-1420).

Dating mortar from the building phase of the church ruin in the Museum Garden
Dating the subterranean remnants of a medieval church in the garden of Sigtuna Museum has proved an elusive task since first excavated in 1915. Three hypothetical datings have been presented: c. 1080, c. 1150–1160, and c. 1220. New radiocarbon dates (Ua-84213 & Ua-84214) of charcoal in lime mortar from the church’s building phase have, after undergoing KDE plot in OxCal v4.4.4. (Bronk Ramsey 2017 & 2021), established the building period to between 1020 and 1120. Hence, the hypothetical dating c. 1080 stand firm as most plausible.

Ancestor cult, group identity and territory - burials of the Przeworsk culture and the Großromstedt horizon at the Leubingen burial mound.

In the course of the 2nd and early 1st century BC, the Przeworsk culture expanded westwards across the river Oder up to the Wetterau. In this
secondary distribution zone, the immigrated groups buried their dead repeatedly in the area of older cemeteries and, as excavations from 2016 to 2020 showed, this was also the case at the famous Early Bronze Age burial mound at Leubingen. From this site it can be exemplary deduced how people of the Przeworsk culture referred to the local distant past by creating fictitious ancestors at an exposed site to form and/or stabilize
a group identity as well as to present a ligation to the place itself. This activity pattern can also be observed at other Przeworsk sites and even during the Großromstedt horizon when further graves were put in at the Leubingen tumulus.

GILDED HELMET FROM BOBRUISK (BELARUS)
The article introduces into scientific discourse a helmet found in April 2019 during dredging work in the inlet of the right bank of the r. Berezina within the city of Bobruisk (Mogilev region, Republic of Belarus). Unfortunately, it was not possible to identify an undisturbed archaeological context in the area of the find. Despite the mechanical damage, the helmet is in good condition, which, along with high-quality restoration, made it possible to make a complete description of the dimensional сharacteristics, design and ornamental features of the helmet. The thoughtful and uniform ornamental design of the helmet is emphasized, which, together with the use of silver plating, gilding, and copper inserts, created a polychrome ensemble of amazing beauty. At the same time, the helmet undoubtedly remained functional combat equipment. The complexity of making a helmet, which required jewelry skills in addition to complex blacksmithing and metalwork, determined the high cost of the product and its undoubtedly status character. The prince and his inner circle could own such a helmet.
The helmet from Bobruisk is part of a large group of helmets found in Eastern and Central Europe, the distinctive feature of which is the design of the body, consisting of four plates, of which the front and back are superimposed on two side ones. The history of this group of helmets in Eastern Europe goes back several centuries, starting in the 8th and ending in the 14th–15th centuries. The closest analogies are found among the helmets originating from the western part of the territory where heads of this type were distributed. These are helmets from Mokroe (Ukraine), Gorzuсhy (Poland), Olszowka (Poland), Szurpily (Poland). Dating the helmet from Bobruisk at the moment, given the lack of direct archaeological context and insufficient elaboration of the issue of the chronology of heads of the same type, is difficult. General ideas about the evolution of helmets of this group suggest that the most likely dating of the Bobruisk helmet is the end of the 10th – the first quarter of the 11th century.

La Butte Saint-Antoine à Fréjus (Var). Naissance d'une ville, Forum IULII : bilan des fouilles archéologiques 2008-2027 / Lucien Rivet ; avec la collaboration de Sylvie Saulnier ; et des contributions de Véronique Blanc-Bijon, Emmanuel Botte, Marie-Brigitte Carre, Marc Griesheimer, Guergana Guianova, Thibault Lachenal, Yvon Lemoine, Stéphane Martin, Frédéric Marty, Florence Monier, Vincent Ollivier, Jean-Louis Paillet, Stéphanie Satre
Ouvrage
Revue archéologique de Narbonnaise, Université de Montpellier. Faculté des lettres et sciences humaines, Paris, 1969-, Supplément, https://reseau-mirabel.info/revue/12354, 54, 0153-9124
Montpellier : Association de la Revue Archéologique de Narbonnaise, 2023 Description: 1 vol. (789 p.), ill., 28 cm

Kars’ın yaklaşık 45 km doğusunda, Türkiye-Ermenistan sınırının sıfır noktasında, Arpaçay
suyunun hemen kenarında kurulu olan Ani; MÖ. 3. bin yıldan beridir yerleşime sahne
olmuş ve Orta Çağ’ın ihtişamlı günleriyle bugünkü görünümüne kavuşmuş kadim kentlerimizden
biridir. 4. yüzyıldan başlayarak Bagratunî Hanedanlığı ile gelişimine başlamış
ve 1064 yılındaki Büyük Selçuklu fethiyle birlikte dünya şehri olma yolunda büyük bir
atılım kaydetmiştir. İbadethaneler yanı sıra bu dönem inşa edilen her türden eserle Ani, bir
şehirde olması gereken somut ve soyut mirasıyla kent ve şehir kültürünü bir arada yaşamış
ve yaşatmıştır. Dolayısıyla Ani, bir yandan Anadolu’daki Türk-İslam tarihinin başlangıcını
oluştururken öte yandan Anadolu Türk-İslam şehirciliği ve Türk-İslam mimarisi bakımından
başlangıç noktası olmuştur. Bu durum ne şaşırtıcı ne de tesadüfidir.

A rather scathing review of a book whose title suggests it discusses how Frankish rulers used the iconography of coins and seals to convey a political message, but which fails to live up to that expectation. With regard to coinage, the author regrettably restricts his study to named portrait coins, of which there are few in this period, and unfortunately displays an inadequate and flawed knowledge and understanding of Frankish coinage.

Obredi lustracije u Rimu već dugo se smatraju obredima pročišćenja. U ovome članku autori iznose tezu da se obredi lustracije mogu smatrati obredima utemeljenja u kojima se iznova oživljavaju elementi indoeuropskog kozmogonijskog mita. Na temelju tekstualnih dokaza nađenih u djelima antičkih autora analizira se nekoliko vrsta lustrativnih obreda, od kojih je najvažniji suovetaurilia. Razmatraju se i usporedbe s vedskom aśvamedhom i rekonstruirani tekstovi slavenskih mitova. Bitni elementi su životinjska žrtva, vođenje životinja ukrug i obredni ples.Lustration rituals in Rome have long been considered rituals of purification. In this paper the authors argue that lustration rituals may be considered foundational rites in which elements of the Indo-European cosmogonic myth is re-enacted. Several types of lustration rituals will be examined using textual evidence found in the works of ancient authors, the most important of which is the Suovetaurilia. Comparisons to the Vedic aśvamedha a...

Obredi lustracije u Rimu već dugo se smatraju obredima pročišćenja. U ovome članku autori iznose tezu da se obredi lustracije mogu smatrati obredima utemeljenja u kojima se iznova oživljavaju elementi indoeuropskog kozmogonijskog mita. Na temelju tekstualnih dokaza nađenih u djelima antičkih autora analizira se nekoliko vrsta lustrativnih obreda,

Une première réflexion s'impose: la région d'Ax-les-Thermes est mieux éclairée que le pays d'Alion jusqu'au début du XIII ème siècle et heureusement certains aspects de l'occupation du sol sont clairement et sûrement communs à toute cette portion des Pyrénées, ce qui permet d'élargir quelques conclusions et notamment celles relatives à l'état des lieux au début de notre recherche. Car il faut d'abord mettre en relief les caractères originaux du peuplement sabarthésien, caractères qui se retrouvent évidemment en Axois, à savoir qu'il existe une véritable et exceptionnelle densification humaine pré-seigneuriale. Le mouvement de concentration des habitats du XI ème siècle au XIII ème siècle revêt ici une forme tout à fait originale. En fait, alors que le mouvement politique, la forme des pouvoirs -autour de l'an mil et postérieurement-se développent suivant un schéma tout à fait classique, on rencontre ici une typologie sociale et architecturale des agglomérations

L'opération présentée dans ce rapport a pu véritablement avoir lieu grâce à une synergie de personnes et d'institutions très élargie. Elle a en même temps permis que ces personnes et institutions se rencontrent et oeuvrent ensemble. L'opération a eu lieu d'abord grâce aux travaux de l'association Montagne et Patrimoine, dynamique depuis plusieurs décennies sur le sujet des patrimoines pastoraux, et qui mena par le passé plusieurs études rigoureuses et exhaustives sur ce sujet, dans la vallée du Vicdessos, sous l'impulsion et la direction de Jean Besset. L'association Montagne et Patrimoine poursuit ces travaux et mène aujourd'hui cette opération. Au sein de l'association, remercions tout particulièrement son président, Olivier Sanchez, ainsi que David Clément, Nicole Denjean et Christiane Rondi pour l'aide et l'entrain qu'ils ont montrés envers cette opération. Parce que la mairie d'Auzat s'investit largement depuis plus d'une décennie dans l'étude archéologique de son patrimoine, elle fut ici d'une aide précieuse, organisationnelle et matérielle, aide sans laquelle l'opération n'aurait pu avoir lieu. Remercions tout particulièrement, monsieur le maire, Bernard Piquemal, Nicole Denjean, première adjointe et Christian Bousquet et Aimé Maury, adjoints au maire. L'opération a eu lieu sur des terrains du Ministère de l'Agriculture dont l'ONF a eu la charge de l'O.N.F. Nous avons donc reçu l'autorisation de l'ONF pour mener cette recherche. Soulignons la cordialité des relations avec l'ONF qui nous a aussi facilité les possibilités d'hébergement sur site. L'étude a lieu grâce à l'autorisation du Service Régional de l'Archéologie. Je tiens à remercier son directeur, monsieur Michel Vaginay, et, pour les conseils utiles et nombreux qu'il nous a donnés, monsieur Michel Barrère, conservateur en charge du département de l'Ariège. L'opération intègre l'Observatoire Homme Milieu Pyrénées haut Vicdessos 1 sous la responsabilité de Didier Galop (Géode). Notre étude s'est donc Á la truelle, participants :

Ceramic sherds from approximately 20 samples of lead-glazed tableware, recovered from diverse archaeological sites, including three repurposed storage pits transformed into dumpsters within the medieval city of Santarém (13th-14th century), underwent a meticulous examination. This investigation utilised techniques such as micro-Raman, ground-state diffuse reflectance absorption, and X-ray fluorescence spectroscopies, in addition to X-ray diffraction and stereomicroscopy. A parallel study was conducted on contemporaneous European ceramics (glazed sherds) sourced from archaeological sites dating back to the 13th-15th centuries in Saintonge (France), Ardenne, Zomergem, and Bruges (Belgium), as well as Surrey-Hampshire, Kingston, and Cheam (England). The first premise for comparing the Santarem samples with European production locations was their frequent commercial relations with Portugal and the frequency of these productions being found in Portugal. The colour of the ceramic bodies is predominantly white or whitish, with a few exhibiting a vivid red hue. Analyses of the fabric, mineralogical, and elemental composition of the sherds suggest that the majority of Santarém's glazed ceramics were locally or regionally produced, potentially derived from a Pliocene kaolin-rich sand formation. However, this conclusion is not supported by the absence of discovered lead glaze kilns or workshops in Santarém for the late Middle Ages.

Morphological, technological and chemical compositional analyses of carnelian beads and raw materials from two sites in ancient Sudan are presented. Six carnelian beads are from Banganarti, a Christian pilgrimage center of the Makuria
Kingdom (9th -14th centuries) and 18 beads and two carnelian flake fragments are from Old Dongola, capital of the Kingdom of Dongola (14th–18th centuries). Bead shapes show considerable variation, but bead perforations were all
done with diamond tipped drills, a technique originating in ancient India and closely associated with South Asian bead workshop traditions. Chemical compositional analyses using laser ablation–inductively coupled plasma–mass spectrometry
(LA-ICP-MS) and data processing using both Canonical Discriminate Analysis and Principal Components Analysis, show that many of the beads were made using carnelian that can be sourced to peninsular or western India. Other beads
derive from geological sources in Iran, Yemen, Egypt and Türkiye. The two carnelian flakes source to India. These beads provide new insights into issues of technology transfer, stylistic variation and trade networks linking Medieval and postmedieval
Nubia to distant regions of West and South Asia.

The work introduces into scientific circulation archaeological, anthropological and paleogenetic data on the population of the Krivichi of the middle course of the Vorya River (north-east of the Moscow region).
As the excavations of six burial grounds have shown, the settlement of the middle course of the river Vori began at the end of the XI century. and was associated with the relocation of the inhabitants of the upper Klyazma, who had Krivichi roots and came from the Upper Volga region and the Smolensk-Novgorod border area. This is indicated by the dominance of the burial grounds in women's headdress. In the form of wire bangle-shaped temporal rings.
The anthropological analysis of the studied group of Krivichi testifies to the influence of the Smolensk-Tver Krivichi population and the Vyatichi valley of the Moscow River on it. Its connection with the eastern Krivichi, influenced by the autochthonous East Finnish component, has not been found.
The study of the genetic heritage of the Krivichi of the Klyazma River basin, begun on the materials of the Bolshevo-1 burial ground of the first half of the XII century, was continued. The male burial from the burial mound 2 of the Ostankino-2 burial mound was found to belong to the Y-DNA haplogroup N1a, the VL29-L1022 subclade characteristic of the Western Baltic-Finnish groups (in contrast to the Baltic-Slavic subclades L550). The authors attribute this to the contacts of the Smolensk-Polotsk Krivichi with the Pskov Krivichi (IX–X centuries), who could have a share of the genetic heritage of the autochthonous population of the Pskov long barrows culture with its significant Baltic-Finnish element. This does not contradict the conclusions of the anthropological study.

В работе вводится в научный оборот археологические, антропологические и палеогенетические данные о популяции кривичей среднего течения р. Вори (северо-восток Московской области).
Как показали раскопки шести могильников заселение среднего течения р.Вори началось в конце XI в. и было связано с переселением сюда жителей верхней Клязьмы, имевших кривичские корни и происходивших из Верхневолжья и района смоленско-новгородского пограничья. На это указывает господство в женском уборе могильников р.Вори проволочных браслетообразных височных колец.
Антропологический анализ исследуемой группы кривичей свидетельствует о влиянии на нее смоленско-тверского кривичского населения а также вятичей долины р.Москвы. Не обнаружены ее связи с восточными кривичами, испытавшими влияние автохтонного восточно-финского компонента.
Продолжено изучение генетического наследия кривичей бассейна р. Клязьма, начатое на материалах могильника Болшево-1 первой половины XII в. Установлена принадлежность мужского погребения из кургана 2 могильника Останкино-2 к Y-ДНК гаплогруппе N1а, ветвь VL29-L1022, характерная для западных прибалтийско-финских групп (в отличие от балто-славянского субклада L550). Авторы связывают это c контактами смоленско-полоцких кривичей с кривичами псковскими (IX–X вв.), которые могли обладать долей генетического наследия автохтонного населения культуры псковских длинных курганов с ее значительным прибалтийско-финским элементом. Это не противоречит выводам антропологического исследования.

Crkveno brdo site is situated in the vicinity of the town of Szenta in Vojvodina. During archaeological excavations, a settlement with an adjacent necropolis and a church were discovered. During the excavation of the settlement, several dozens of structures were documented, among them five houses, nine kilns, forty-one pits, thirteen trenches, and a water well of irregular shape. The settlement was mainly in use from the 11th to the 13th century, while several discovered small finds suggest the usage also during the 14th and 15th centuries. The church was erected on the already existing necropolis, and its founding can be tied to the conversion of Magyars to Christian faith in the 11th century. Church had several building phases, during which it was enlarged and depicted in fresco technique. Such treatment of this sacral building suggests that it had great importance for the local population who insisted on the continuity of this cultic space. The necropolis around the church was used from the 10th/11th century until the 15th/16th century. The longevity of life on this site suggests it was an important local central place in this part of the Magyar medieval state.

Larvik 5 (07090005), den klinkbygget båd. Fem prøver er undersøgt fra dette skibsvrag. To af prøverne er fra planker, de andre tre er fra øvrige konstruktionsdele fra båden. Kun kerneved er bevaret på prøverne fra plankerne. En af plankerne er dateret. AOIFE DALY, Ph.d.

Seks prøver af eg, Quercus sp, er indsendt. Alle prøverne stammer fra planker fra skibsvraget. Alle prøver er dateret. Tre prøver fra skibet er tidligere undersøgt og dateret dendrokronologisk på Nationalmuseet (Bonde 2004). Ved Bondes undersøgelse konkluderedes, at skibet var bygget af tømmer, som blev faeldet omkring 1580. Denne konklusion er dog baseret på en formodning om at prøverne kun mangler splintveddet fordi to af prøvernes yngste, bevarede årringe er dannet samme år. De tre målinger fra Nationalmuseets analyse er stillet til rådighed af Bonde, og er inkluderet i den videre analyse.

V poročilu so predstavljene ostaline iz starejše železne dobe, ki so bile odkrite ob gradnji novega stanovanjskega naselja južno od Rabelčje vasi na Ptuju. Gre za naselje iz starejše železne dobe, ki se je širilo po ploskem grebenu, omejenem z manjšima potokoma. Ker je bil prostor močno pozidan tudi v rimskem času, je bila ohranjenost prazgodovinskih objektov slaba. Dokumentirati smo uspeli le posamezne obrise lukenj za stojke, ki pa se jih razen v dveh primerih ni dalo povezati v zaključene tlorise.This article presents the Early Iron Age remains found during the construction of a residential quarter south of Rabelčja vas in Ptuj. The remains are those of a settlement spread across a flat ridge delimited by two small streams. The area was heavily built-up during the Roman period, which affected the state of preservation of the prehistoric huts. Their postholes were documented in outlines and could, in two cases, be connected to form the ground plan.

Cultural tourism is one of the most dynamically developing specialized types of tourism gaining increasing popularity today. Its origin in Europe is dated to the end of the 18th century, and Bulgaria is associated with the
organization of the tourist movement at the end of the 19th century. Among the names of the first Bulgarian tourists are those of famous scientists and intellectuals. In Varna, the origin of the tourist movement in general and cultural tourism in particular are directly related to the life and work of Karel Škorpil. Initially as a teacher, and then as the founder of the Varna Archaeological Society and Museum, he organized numerous tourist excursions with an intellectual purpose in the surroundings of Varna. Together with like-minded people he organized the first tourist society in the city, giving it the amusing name “Darmadantsi” (from Turkish darmaduman” – mess, messy). In 1902, it became the basis of the Varna branch of the Bulgarian Tourist Society. In the beginning it had 23 members, among them was one of the first female tourists both in Varna and in Bulgaria, the teacher Maria Minkova. In addition to organizing excursions out in nature, Varna tourists took care of the preservation and popularization of significant cultural and historical sites. Together with the members of the Varna Archaeological Society, they cleared the cluttered premises of Aladzha Monastery and the artificial caves near it (the so-called “Catacombs”). In addition, they built a room for tourists in the monastery, which turned it into one of the first sites of organized cultural tourism in the vicinity of Varna. In this regard, the members of the two societies requested the Bulgarian Parliament to cede several hectares of land around the monastery to them in order to improve the area and plant fruit 19 trees. As a conclusion to the process of socialization, the rock monastery was officially consecrated on the feast of the Holy Trinity in 1908. Gradually, the goals and activities of the tourist society in the city began to overlap with those of the Varna Archaeological Society. For this reason, in 1909, the tourist society became a branch of the archaeological one.
This article presents 30 photographs capturing individual moments of
everyday tourist life as well as the emotions and enthusiasm of the pioneers of cultural tourism in Varna. The photographs are part of Varna Regional Museum of History documentary fund “Varna Archaeological Society” and photographs collection of Ivan Vakavchiev, kept in the State Archives–Varna. Ivan Vakavchiev was the first director of Maria-Louisa Girls’ High School in Varna, an associate of Karel Škorpil and a member of “Darmadantsi”. The photographs from his collection were taken in the period between 1900–1902. However, many of the photographed places cannot be recognized and precisely localized. Nonetheless, these pictures have sentimental value and most of them are being published for
the first time.

Les infrastructures de mobilite sont de plus en plus decriees lorsqu'elles se heurtent a la ville, pourtant elles participent a la definition du paysage urbain. “L'Alaskan Way Viaduct” a Seattle est considere comme une rupture entre le cœur de la ville et le front de mer. En 2019, alors que la circulation sera releguee dans un tunnel creuse sous la ville, il est prevu de detruire ce monument de beton malgre ses qualites identitaire, sociale et paysagere. Le projet propose une alternative a la destruction en requalifiant l'ouvrage en integrateur social urbain. La structure, qui a permis l'exode vers les banlieues dans les annees cinquante, est utilisee pour redynamiser la ville. Deleste de certaines rampes, le viaduc se metamorphose en une jetee dans le paysage urbain. Les trois niveaux entretiennent chacun une relation differente avec la ville. L'etage intermediaire, concu comme un catalogue de possibilites inspirees de la construction modulaire du viaduc, accuei...

Le materiel presente provient de plusieurs fosses depotoirs decouvertes lors des fouilles du plateau d'Istabl'Antar. Ces assemblages d'epoque abbasside associent a des vaisselles qui s'inscrivent dans la tradition antique, (sigillees d'Assouan, amphores, vaisselles culinaires en pâte alluviale), un repertoire glacure et emaille qui temoigne de l'acquisition de nouvelles techniques et d'un savoir-faire d'inspiration orientalisante. La presence d'un depotoir de production de petites bouteilles globulaires, demontre pour la premiere fois l'existence d'un artisanat potier a l'emplacement de la premiere capitale, Fustat.

Inductive predictive modelling is a controversial tool in archaeology. Visibility, taphonomy and research history can affect the statistical reliability of an archaeological dataset to be used as a training sample for a predictive model. To overcome these biases, an ethnoarchaeological approach has been proposed. This methodology has been developed and tested on a pastoral context in the Eastern Italian Alps. The present research proposes an application to a different, more composite landscape in the Central Italian Alps, testing the reliability of the model in relation to a heterogeneous and diachronic dataset, collected through extensive fieldwork. The results show that the model has an excellent degree of accuracy in predicting past structures with a similar purpose of use as the training sample. In addition, we show that its discriminative power can be greatly improved by the use of contemporary environmental predictors. However, the use of variables non-quantifiable for the past is an issue for the full applicability of this type of model to archaeological datasets. The results also show that this methodology, regardless of predictive results, can give us a good insight into the relationship between humans and their environment. The field application of the methodology has led us to understand that ethnoarchaeology can already be considered a reliable approach to address various methodological concerns of archaeological predictive modelling, but the primary purpose of such models should be seen more as explanatory rather than predictive.