Overview of behavioural study on human governance determinants in automotive sector

International Journal of Islamic and Middle Eastern Finance and Management, 2021

Purpose Corruption is a global phenomenon. The 2016 Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) Report and the 2019 Malaysia National Anti-Corruption Plan (NACP) Report stated that the government sector most prone to corruption is procurement. The purpose of this study is to explore what drives the government procurement practitioners to commit corruption or uphold integrity. The novelty of this research is it focusses on the human aspect based on a human model which comprises both the physical and non-physical dimensions. It incorporated four theories which are the virtue theory, transaction cost theory (TCT), human governance (HG) philosophy and Al-Ghazali theory of the soul to design the research framework. Design/methodology/approach This approach to counteract corruption is through the inner “Self” (spirituality) and is not limited or bound to processes, procedures, rules, regulations, systems and structures. Findings The findings obtained through the phenomen...

International Journal of Applied Business and Economic Research (IJABER), ISSN : 0972-7302, 2017

The efforts to eradicate corruption have been done through legal approach, building awareness and community participation through Corruption Eradication Commission (KPK) and other institutions. Regardless, the corruption index is still high with Indonesia currently sits in the 107th ranks. This shows that the efforts that currently implemented through legal approach and community participation is not yet effective, hence, other alternatives through strategic factors of human resources management such as organizational culture, competencies, leadership and internal monitoring need to be explored. These strategic factors will become strategic dimension to prevent and deter corruption. This study aims at suppressing Indonesian corruption level to the lowest rank in ASEAN. This study uses exploration survey method and quantitative approach with descriptive and multiple regression analysis. The operational definitions of the variables are: dependent variable, corruption prevention and deterrence (Y) and independent variables, organizational culture (X1), Competencies (X2), Leadership (X3), and Internal Monitoring (X4). The research site is at Meruya Selatan Urban Village, Kembangan Districts, West Jakarta, with 26 respondents as saturated sample: the output of this study was: (1) model of corruption prevention and deterrence; (2) reference, recommendation for policy makers, both government and non-government agencies to prevent corruption; (3) as an intellectual alignment for the society on the efforts to prevent corruption. Keywords: prevent and deter, corruption, corruption level, organizational culture, competencies, leadership, internal control/monitoring

Jurnal Magister Akuntansi Trisakti, 2023

This study aims to examine The Influence of Compensation Justice, Government Internal Control Systems, and Organizational Ethics Factors, Against Corruption in The Government Sector with Law Enforcement as a Moderating Variable. The object of research is the work unit within the Human Resources Development Agency of Transportation by the number of respondents as many as 101 people were deliberately selected employees who handle financing activities, budgeting activities, assets management, and human resource departments. The type of data used is primary data and using multiple regression analysis was processed using SPSS 26.0. This study was designed using descriptive causal analysis and test the hypothesis by taking a test unit at the Human Resources Development Agency of Transportation. Data obtained through questionnaires, the sample is selected with the specific purpose (purposive sampling) and the data were analyzed using multiple linear regression. The results showed that the Organizational Ethics, and Government Internal Control System moderated by Law Enforcement give effect to Corruption, while the Compensation Justice, Government Internal Control System and Compensation Justice, Organizational Ethics moderated by Law Enforcement do not affect the Corruption. Based on the results, the training, education, and develop the code of ethics can improve the quality of human resources of The Government Internal Supervisory Apparatus.

This study is an attempt to measure the relationship between the current practice status of good governance and that of integrity in the public sector of Malaysia. This study collected primary data based on a set of questionnaire survey among heads of 109 departments and agencies under 24 federal ministries, including the Prime Minister Department in Malaysia. The data were analysed under descriptive statistics, ordinal regression and structural equation model. Furthermore, standard diagnostic tests were also conducted to check the reliability of the data and models. To improve the integrity system, the study suggests to focus on the practices of strategic alliance, strategic planning, audit and fraud control. Overall, the public sector in Malaysia must also focus significantly on the development of good governance system and a proper appraisal system to achieve an effective integrity system.

Business Process Management Journal, 2021

Purpose-Integrity-related issues are now endemic to public service bureaucracies. It is claimed that corruption in the public sector is very common in various departments/agencies. Lack of integrity will lead to failings in governance and proper oversight of procedures, and subsequently poor financial management and incidents of fraud. Based on the Stakeholder Theory Perspective, this study examines the influences of accountability, risk management and managerial commitment on practices of integrity in the Malaysian public sector. Design/methodology/approach-Primary data were collected through both printed and online questionnaires given to 210 department heads operating within selected Malaysian federal ministries. Data were analysed via the Partial Least Squares-Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM) approach to examine the research hypotheses. Findings-It is evident that integrity practices in Malaysia's public sector are statistically significantly related to risk management, accountability, and management commitment. Practical/Policy implications-The findings will help the Malaysian federal ministries to take the necessary steps to improve integrity so that dependability and efficiency are the hallmarks of public sector services. Originality/value-To the best of the authors' knowledge, this study is one of the first to examine the role of accountability, risk management, and managerial commitment to integrity in the public sector of a developing market economy.

AFRICAN JOURNAL OF BUSINESS MANAGEMENT, 2012

The aim of this research was to define the relationship between effective organization and managerial obstacles and incentives on administrative-financial corruption in government organizations in Iran. Correlation method along with metrical approach was applied in this research. Reliability of the verified questionnaire was confirmed according to the primary study with Cronbach alpha 0.9794 and validity of the questionnaire was verified through content validity and factorial analysis. The sampling method is of the judgment sampling type, so questionnaires were distributed among 934 relevant managers and experts of existent government organizations in Isfahan and Zanjan provinces. Comparisons were done among fifty sub-category questions of nineteen variables. The results obtained demonstrate that the studied factors are higher than the total average both in their effectiveness and their preventiveness in the appearance of corruption in 23 cases. These could be considered as determinant factors in the appearance and prevention of corruption in government organizations. But in other issues, some cases are considered as effective factors for only the appearance of corruption and some as preventive factors against the occurrence of corruption, and some have lower degree of importance in comparison with other factors in the study.

International Journal of Ethics and Systems, 2018

Purpose - Integrity is a critical issue as it could lead to failures in governance, fraud, inefficacy, corruption, as well as weak financial management particularly in the public sector. At present, the public sector is a matter of global concern due the constant cases of failures in governance, fraud, inefficacy, and corruption. As such, this sector has been pressurized to provide justification of the sources and usages of public resources and to improve their service performance as the public has the right to monitor the public sector management’s transparency and efficacy. This study evaluates the state of present integrity practices among public sector employees from various Malaysian service schemes. Design/methodology/approach – Primary data were collected using a questionnaire survey approach with 194 heads of departments in the Malaysian federal ministries. The collection of data was according to the perspective of 13 factors in integrity practices using a five-point Likert scale. Factor analysis and descriptive statistics were utilized for data analysis. In addition, data reliability was checked by Cronbach’s alpha test, data normality was examined by Skewness and Kurtosis tests, and data validity was tested by using Kaiser-Meyer Olkin test and Barlett’s test. Findings - The findings show that 92.6% of the participants reported that they practised integrity within their departments. Nevertheless, the priority for these integrity factors varies according to the service schemes. In general, the departments of finance, audits, and administration had an above average integrity practice level however the practice of the accounting scheme is below the general average level. Practical/Policy implications - This findings of the study will help policy makers to take necessary steps to improve the practices of integrity in the public sector in order to create a more dependable and efficient public sector in Malaysia. Originality/value – This is an original study based on primary data that assesses the performance of practicing integrity in the public sector of Malaysia.

2008

This study attempts to analyze determinants of corruption tendency on a single country, namely Malaysia, using cross-sectional data. Using survey questions on sample of respondents in two states of Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur and Selangor, data are collected and logit model is developed for estimation. The results from the regression on sample indicate that age negatively contributes to corruption tendency among government servants. The results also show that there are two departments, namely Police and Immigration departments, which have high probability of corruption and large spending, in particular, payments of personal debt, is positively contribute to high tendency of corruption among government servants.

2016

Realizing the objectives of an organization rely heavily on the effectiveness and efficient utilization of resources by it steaming administrative functionaries. As such, good governance and accountability in service has remained the bedrock through which improved organizational performance is guaranteed. Thus, the paper is aimed at examining the effect of systemic corruption in relation to administrative functions, especially in the business of government. The phenomenon has demonstrated a network of relationship in the abuse of public trust in the work places, whereby distorting smooth running of practice of public administration. While the practice of administrative corruption has continued long ago, its effects on good governance and performance received less attention in the field. As a result, this article deals with the question of why such practice has continued in organisational settings. And to what extent lack of effective control has led to mismanagement and distortion i...

Asia-Pacific Management Accounting Journal, 2020

Malaysia is one of many countries around the world that is besieged with the negative perception of being corrupt. As reported by Transparency International, Malaysia is the sixty-one least corrupt nation out of one-hundred seventy-five countries, according to the 2018 Corruption Perceptions Index. Therefore, that is important for the Malaysian public and the private sector to take the responsibility to clear the negative perception of the public towards the integrity system of the country. Since, a leader is the key person to organisational success, this study aimed to assess the roles played by a leader towards the implementation of a corporate integrity system in a government-linked company. Data was collected via questionnaires from hundred executives and managers of a GLC in Malaysia. The data was collected based on the respondents' perception on the leadership elements of integrity by using a five-point Likert scale. Our findings confirmed that the case firm implemented good corporate integrity practices. Consistent with the literature, the findings suggest that managing ethically is considered as an essential leadership competency. In addition, the senior managers are seen as a role model for the leadership. Finally, this study is expected to provide evidence to assist policy makers to achieve their strategic plan to rebuild the good image of Malaysia.

ADVANCES IN BUSINESS RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL

This study investigated the factors that influence employee level of integrity at UMW Toyota Motor. There are three factors identified as the predictor in the study, namely, individual, organizational, and situational factors, which are expected to affect employee level of integrity. Data were collected through questionnaires distributed between October 2018 and March 2019 to all employees of UMW Toyota Motor. A total of 300 respondents were approached, and 137 (46%) questionnaires were returned for analysis. The data collected were analyzed using descriptive, correlation, and regression analysis. The finding concluded that the level of integrity among employees of UMW Toyota Motor is high. The regression analysis result showed that situational factors have significant and positively associated with the employee level of integrity. The result indicated that situational factors such as peer pressure, financial distress, leadership influence, and ethical norms at the workplace affecte...

Journal of Governance and Integrity

The formation of quality work culture in the organization will only be achieved if employees practice a comprehensive and positive work ethic and integrity. In order to improve the level of ethics and integrity, the focus should be on overall improvement in the organization not only at the grassroots but all up to the top level. Comprehensive involvement of all parties will significantly improve the integrity of the organization. Recognizing the importance of integrity as the core of quality staff development and higher organizational performance, this study is expected to help the public sector organization plan strategies to achieve a higher level of ethics and integrity. The corporate Integrity Assessment Questionnaire (CIAQ) was used to measure the implementation of the integrity system in a public sector organization. The questionnaires were distributed to 850 employees at the agency via e-survey. It was found that the level of ethics and integrity of the agency is at 74%. “Vi...

Public Administration and Development, 2020

With the increasing number of ethical violations reported across the public sector, the emphasis on ethics and values in governance is on the rise. Corruption is widely accepted as a form of unethical behaviour that can have detrimental effects on organisations as well as society at large. Research calls for empirical studies focusing on the contextual factors surrounding corruption. Based on the Contextually Based Human Resource Theory and using the case study method, this paper examines the role of context through a systematic analysis of corruption in a public sector organisation. We integrate corruption and human resource literature to understand employee behaviour, employee relations, HRM strategies, and organisational outcomes in the context of organisational corruption.

Procedia Economics and Finance, 2015

Currently, governance in public administration has become a global issue as a result of the continuous stream of governance failures, fraud, inefficiency, corruption, and poor internal control and financial management. As such, the government of Malaysia has put an effort in term of programs and budgets in ensuring the public money being managed efficiently and with integrity. This study aims to assess the integrity systems of Malaysian Public Sector. Data were collected via questionnaires from 104 public officials from federal ministry in Malaysia. The data were collected based on the respondents' perception on twelve elements of integrity on practices in the department or agency by using seven-point Likert scale. Finding revealed that the mean score of each integrity items were above the mid-point. This has indicated that Malaysian Public Sector is serious in implementing the integrity concept in their daily management. The findings would provide further understanding for the Malaysian Public Sector to improve and enhance integrity system in the Malaysian Public Sector.

The Journal of Social Sciences Research

The challenging world of business on corruption issues, the organization’s need to improve the rules, regulations, policies and guidelines especially in human resource practices to develop and enhance the quality of employees in terms of ethical, behaviour and moral conduct. The objective of this study is to look at the effects of training and development, recruitment and selection, and internal control policy on corruption risk. This study involves three different organizations which are the federal government, state government and statutory bodies. The respondents involved in this study are whom that have authorities in making decisions for the organization. Stratified sampling technique was used in the selection of sample. The analysis of bootstrapping for this study represents two elements which are recruitment and selection, and internal control policy are accepted with the t-value above 1.65 respectively. However, training and development is not significant. Hence, it shows th...