Technology

In this paper, an inverse compensator based on the Bouc-Wen model is used to reduce the effect of hysteresis on a piezoelectric micro-actuator. This compensator is used as an open loop controller which partially eliminates the system hysteresis effect. In the last step, in order to increase the reliability of the system and to achieve the desired goals, a H∞ robust controller is proposed in the presence of a compensator, to detect in the presence of modeling error and compensator error. At the end, simulation results are provided by MATLAB to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed control scheme. These results indicate that the proposed scheme provides a robust system performance and the tracking error reaches zero with acceptable accuracy.

The adsorption of molecular acceptors is a viable method for tuning the work function of metal electrodes. This, in turn, enables adjusting charge injection barriers between the electrode and organic semiconductors. Here, we demonstrate the potential of pyrene-tetraone (PyT) and its derivatives dibromopyrene-tetraone (Br-PyT) and dinitropyrene-tetraone (NO 2 -PyT) for modifying the electronic properties of Au(111) and Ag(111) surfaces. The systems are investigated by complementary theoretical and experimental approaches, including photoelectron spectroscopy, the X-ray standing wave technique, and density functional theory simulations. For some of the investigated interfaces the trends expected for Fermi-level pinning are observed, i.e., an increase of the metal work function along with increasing molecular electron affinity and the same work function for Au and Ag with monolayer acceptor coverage. Substantial deviations are, however, found for Br-PyT/Ag(111) and NO 2 -PyT/Ag(111), where in the latter case an adsorption-induced work function increase of as much as 1.6 eV is observed. This behavior is explained as arising from a face-on to edge-on reorientation of molecules in the monolayer. Our calculations show that for an edge-on orientation much larger work-function changes can be expected despite the prevalence of Fermi-level pinning. This is primarily ascribed to a change of the electron affinity of the adsorbate layer that results from a change of the molecular orientation. This work provides a comprehensive understanding of how changing the molecular electron affinity as well as the adsorbate structure impacts the electronic properties of electrodes.

Ornithobacterium rhinotracheale (ORT) is a gram negative, pleomorphic, rod shaped and non-motile bacterial pathogen mostly known to cause respiratory tract infections in turkeys. Ornithobacteriosis is an infectious disease of avian species that has been reported in almost all countries around the world. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of ORT in turkeys in Isfahan province of Iran. DNA was extracted from 375 collected tracheal swabs and lungs samples and amplified by ORT 16S rRNA gene specific primers using the PCR technique. ORT DNA was detected in 75 samples (19.93%) of broiler turkeys in Isfahan province of Iran. The results of this study demonstrated the widespread of ORT in broiler turkeys and confirmed that infection with ORT have a high prevalence in Iran.

Farmer participation is increasingly seen as a key to develop technologies which are more relevant to farmers' communities. In plant breeding, farmer participation is seen as key to increase the probability of adoption of new varieties. This paper addresses the issue of selection efficiency in participatory plant breeding by testing the effect of selection environment and of who did the

The purpose of this systematic literature review was to explore the status of the literature about the factors influencing the adoption of AI-based Smart Home Technologies (AI-SHT) among Chinese consumers. The study synthesizes findings from 18 peer-reviewed articles published between 2019 and 2024, focusing on behavioral, social, and technological factors that impact AI-SHT adoption. Prominent theoretical models, including the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) and the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB), were frequently used to explore perceived usefulness, ease of use, social influence, and trust. Key barriers, such as privacy concerns, data security issues, and economic considerations, are discussed within China's unique cultural and economic landscape. Methodologically, quantitative studies dominated the reviewed literature, relying heavily on survey-based approaches to assess consumer attitudes and behaviors. Findings highlight the complexity of Chinese consumers' adoption motivations, suggesting a need for further research into generational preferences, alternative adoption models, and cross-industry applications of AI-SHT. This review provides a foundation for future studies and industry strategies to enhance AI-SHT adoption in China.

Business ethics is an ever-evolving field of theoretical and practical study that has enjoyed a steady stream of interest with a hockey stick of attention since globalization, especially global collaboration, which took off after 2000. There is a relatively new movement towards alterocentric ethics, a philosophical approach that places the "other" at the center of a company's consideration. Alterocentric ethics asks businesses to integrate responsibility toward stakeholders, the community, and the environment as intrinsic components of their operations. This study systematically reviews current literature on alterocentric business ethics. we applied a structured search methodology across academic databases, using predefined eligibility criteria to examine existing scholarly work comprehensively.

This report serves to document progress made to date on National Science Foundation Project #97-13481, Earthquake Hazard Mitigation Program. The focus of this phase of the project is the development of an improved solution algorithm for fast transient analysis of large, locally nonlinear structures using time domain structural synthesis. Time domain structural synthesis is a general and exact formulation for transient problems in structural modification, substructure coupling, and base excitation. The formulation is characterized by the governing equation of the synthesis, which is a nonlinear Volterra integral equation. The governing equation makes use of impulse response functions calculated for those coordinates of the (sub)structures subjected to forces of synthesis (e.g. modification forces, coupling forces). This physical coordinate formulation provides for a largely unrestricted and exact model reduction, in that only those coordinates of interest need be retained in the synthesis. The report documents the development of several algorithms intended to improve upon the original algorithm developed by the first author. The last algorithm developed is presented first in this report, as this algorithm meets the stated goals of the project. This algorithm is a newly developed recursive, block-by-block convolution solution to the governing nonlinear integral equation. As is demonstrated with a simple but realistically large nonlinear base excitation problem (51,500 DOF finite element model), the new algorithm provides a 78% reduction in time required for the nonlinear transient base excitation solution, as compared with traditional direct integration calculated using a widely-used commercial finite element program. This very large savings in computer time is obtained for a single analysis, i.e. assuming no prior calculations have been made for the impulse response functions of the (sub)structures. The new algorithm provides an even greater reduction in computer time for all subsequent analyses. As shown in the example problem, once all required impulse response functions have been calculated, the nonlinear base isolation solutions calculated using the new recursive, block-byblock convolution algorithm take approximately 7 seconds, as compared with the direct integration solution which takes approximately 30 minutes. This rapid reanalysis capability will facilitate the development of numerical optimization for the design of nonlinear isolation. The theory of transient synthesis is documented, along with a new proof of the exponential convergence properties of an iterative solution to the governing nonlinear integral equation.

The marketing concept holds that the accomplishment of the company’s objective is highly related to the knowledge of how to satisfy consumer needs and wants. The company success depends therefore on the extent, to which it is more efficient in the accomplishment of those requirements than the competition. It can be said that in

Common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) yields are severely limited by abiotic stresses, including drought and aluminum toxicity. Work at CIAT (the International Center for Tropical Agriculture) seeks to develop resistance to these stresses, employing both intraspecific and interspecific genetic variability. The analysis of physiological mechanisms is more advanced in the case of drought. Although deep rooting offers access to more moisture, as evidenced by higher values of stomatal conductance and canopy temperature depression, in many genotypes this does not result in greater yield. Photosynthate partitioning to grain plays a major role in drought resistance. Partitioning has been quantified as pod partitioning index (pod biomass at harvest as a percent of total biomass at mid-pod fill), and pod harvest index (grain as percent of total pod biomass). Both parameters consistently present significant correlations with yield under stress. Pod harvest index measured in a drought trial also...

Adaptation of common bean lines to high temperature conditions: genotypic differences in phenological and agronomic performance The International Center for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT) believes that open access contributes to its mission of reducing hunger and poverty, and improving human nutrition in the tropics through research aimed at increasing the eco-efficiency of agriculture. CIAT is committed to creating and sharing knowledge and information openly and globally. We do this through collaborative research as well as through the open sharing of our data, tools, and publications.

The intense debate over agricultural biotechnology is at once fascinating, confusing and disappointing. It is complicated by issues of ethical, moral, socio-economic, political, philosophical and scientific import. Its vocal champions exaggerate their claims of biotechnology as saviour of the poor and hungry, while, equally loudly, its opponents declare it as the doomsday devil of agriculture. Sandwiched between these two camps is the rest of the public, either absorbed or indifferent. Biotechnology issues specific to the African public must include crop and animal productivity, food security, alleviation of poverty and gender equity, and must exclude political considerations. Food and its availability are basic human rights issues-for people without food, everything else is insignificant. Although we should discuss and challenge new technologies and their products, bringing the agricultural biotechnology debate into food aid for Africa where millions are faced with life-or-death situations is irresponsible. Agricultural biotechnology promises the impoverished African a means to improve food security and reduce pressures on the environment, provided the perceived risks associated with the technology are addressed. This paper attempts to harmonize the debate, and to examine the potential benefits and risks that agricultural biotechnology brings to African farmers.

This paper presents the improvement of rotating machine insulation by the powerful blast-cleaning, dry ice method. In this work, the large synchronous generator, 16.25 MVA 6.9 kV and 78,240 running hour, was investigated and analyzed. The characteristic of insulation such as polarization and depolarization current (PDC), polarization index (PI) and dielectric loss tangent (tan ) were measured according to the IEEE standard 43-2013. After cleaning with dry ice blasting, the insulation of generator has improved remarkably. The charging current is decreased due to removal of conductive layers from the insulation surface. For other parameters, polarization index and loss tangent are increased 52.03% and decreased 11.66% respectively. Furthermore, the operation time of dry ice method is very short when compared with traditional cleaning methods, resulting in reduced maintenance downtime and increased more productivity.

This research is a study of a split type air conditioner system demand response modelling. Air conditioners are commonly used in home and other buildings. Such systems mainly rely on air-cooled compressor for heat rejection process. Since air conditioners consume high electrical energy therefore, the management of their electrical energy consumption is also important. The main objectives of this research are to study and simulate an air conditioning system with electrical energy management by adjusting the temperature set point inside the building. The studies also include the factors that involved in air conditioner energy consumption such as the temperature inside the building, the temperature outside the building, insulation of the building and air flow etc., These studies are analysed and then applied to the air conditioners in a specific room to reduce their energy consumption without affecting people comfort in the building. The air conditioner model is simulated using MATLAB. The simulation results are compared with the results from measuring instrument. It can be concluded from the experiment that the results from MATLAB model and the results from the measuring instrument are consistent.

This paper presents the improvement of rotating machine insulation by the powerful blast-cleaning, dry ice method. In this work, the large synchronous generator, 16.25 MVA 6.9 kV and 78,240 running hour, was investigated and analyzed. The characteristic of insulation such as polarization and depolarization current (PDC), polarization index (PI) and dielectric loss tangent (tan ) were measured according to the IEEE standard 43-2013. After cleaning with dry ice blasting, the insulation of generator has improved remarkably. The charging current is decreased due to removal of conductive layers from the insulation surface. For other parameters, polarization index and loss tangent are increased 52.03% and decreased 11.66% respectively. Furthermore, the operation time of dry ice method is very short when compared with traditional cleaning methods, resulting in reduced maintenance downtime and increased more productivity.

O objetivo do trabalho é discorrer sobre o uso da tecnologia de informação (TI) como recurso estratégico para promover a agilização dos processos de comunicação e decisão das organizações, subsidiando a melhoria do desempenho dos processos organizacionais que permitem atingir os objetivos de negócio. O estudo se baseou no Modelo de Estruturação da Tecnologia, proposto por Orlikowski (1992), que explora a relação entre organizações e tecnologia, de maneira que as adoções tecnológicas promovam ganhos reais -sejam eles qualitativos ou quantitativos -para as organizações que implementem tais recursos. Assim, o estudo, em consonância com o modelo citado, tratou da interação de três componentes: tecnologia, propriedades institucionais (estratégia e estrutura) e ação dos agentes humanos, permitindo às organizações uma melhor posição competitiva. As conclusões apontam para a validade do modelo teórico adotado na análise e para a necessidade da interação permanente entre os três elementos citados, quando se objetiva atingir resultados diferenciados. Palavras-chavec: TI ( Tecnologia de Informação), o rganização, groupware (software), propriedades institucionais, estrutura, estratégia, agentes humanos, grupos de trabalho. A adoção estratégica da tecnologia de informação: a partir da discussão do "Modelo de Estruturação da Tecnologia"

Cytoplasmic genomes affect various phenotypes, including abiotic stress responses, through interaction with nuclear genomes in plants. We focused on the effects of cytoplasmic substitution on germination and seedling growth in combinations with submergence and seed ageing, both of which are known to inhibit these traits posing a challenge in agriculture and seed banking. We carried out comparative phenotypic studies of submergence and seed ageing effects using a series of nucleus-cytoplasm (NC) hybrids of wheat, in which 11 heterologous cytoplasms of Triticum and Aegilops species were combined with a common nucleus. Adopting the testtube bioassay, germination and seedling growth were studied using aged and non-aged seeds. Imbibed seeds were subjected to 3-days submergence followed by incubation under de-submergence conditions. Seed ageing reduced the germination rates in NC hybrids. Submergence and seed ageing both caused reduction of seedling growth evaluated by shoot length in all or most of the lines. The magnitude of shoot growth inhibition by submergence and seed ageing varied greatly among NC hybrids compared with the nuclear donor, and three distinct response types were recognized. Submergence and seed ageing, in combination, caused leaf chlorosis in most of NC hybrids. Our results suggested that the observed diverse effects of cytoplasmic substitution were exerted through differential interactions with submergence and seed ageing. Further studies are needed to clarify the mechanisms underlying cytoplasmic genome diversity and interaction with nuclear genomes affecting submergence and seed ageing responses in wheat.

We evaluated post-germination seedling vigor in indica and japonica rice under submergence based on shoot elongation and recovery after submergence. The japonica cultivars showed more vigorous shoot elongation than indica cultivars under submergence in the dark, whereas an opposite response was observed under the light-dark submergence. Both Nipponbare and FR13A that are respectively known as submergence intolerant and tolerant cultivars showed vigorous shoot growth under submergence and high recovery after the stress, irrespective of the light/dark conditions. The results show that vigorous shoot growth enables rice seedlings to escape and survive submergence stress. RT-PCR analysis showed that expression of SUB1A, which is known as a key gene controlling submergence tolerance, was induced in elongating seedlings of FR13A and other indica cultivars including floating rice under submergence with light illumination. Our results suggest that light-induced SUB1A gene expression does no...

this program is the one of ten international training Programs for young researchers adopted by the JSPS (Japan Society for the Promotion of Science) in 2007. This ITP aims at training promising young researchers including doctoral course students, post-doctoral researchers and assistant professors to make them professionals acting as the support and driving force of future Japan with a rich global viewpoint. they will acquire extensive, fundamental and innovative academic information, skills and technology, and more advanced capabilities for designing and conducting research through research experiences in overseas research institutions. this program started from the beginning of october 2007 and will continue to the end of September 2012. in order to avoid a global food crisis, one of the most pressing requirements is the training of talented young researchers with international collaboration among numerous research institutions. they will be trained to be able to preserve the bioresources of animals and plants, and environmental resources required for stable food production, and to acquire knowledge and capabilities for solving food safety problems

We have constructed a linkage map of the rice brown planthopper (BPH)resistance gene, Bph1. RFLP and AFLP markers were selected by thebulked segregant analysis and used in the mapping study of 262 F2sthat were derived from a cross of `Tsukushibare', a susceptible japonica cultivar, and `Norin-PL3', an authentic japonicaBph1-introgression line. Twenty markers were mapped within a 28.9-cMregion containing the Bph1

Today the world population is increasing at the most rapid rate ever. It is fore cast that by the year 2050, the world's population will double to nearly 12 billion people. In fact it has been estimated that the world will need to produce more than twice as much food during the next 45 years as was produced since the beginning of agriculture 10 000 years ago. The continuous development of wheat, barley and maize varieties and lines with improved qualities to feed the world next future is of great necessity. At least for the foreseeable future, plant breeding will play a primary role. Still yet the conventional cereal breeding focuses on the selection of superior progeny from segregating populations, and selection is mostly based on phenotypic characters. Despite the use of many statistical and genetic tools to reduce the environmental effect on the selection of appropriate genotype, there is a confounding impact of environmental factors on phenotype. Breeding new variety takes between 8 to 15-20 years and the release of an improved variety cannot be really guaranteed and depend on the choice of the best parental combination. Hence, breeders are extremely interested in new technologies that could make this procedure more efficient and reliable. Molecular marker technology and genetic engineering offer such a possibility by adopting a wide range of novel approaches to improving the efficiency of selection strategies in cereal breeding. This review aims at providing an overview of the state of art of the application of molecular marker techniques in molecular breeding of cereal crops and how this information could be used to increase the efficiency of plant breeding programs. It is also aimed to outline the recent developments of new improved varieties and lines by genetic engineering worldwide and in Bulgaria by the contribution of AgroBioInstitute.

Abiotic stress is one of the major limiting factors reducing crop yield worldwide. We studied the expression profiles of 12 known stress responsive genes including transcription factor genes in japonica standard rice cultivar Nipponbare under low temperature, drought, NaCl and ABA stresses by RT-PCR in a time series up to 24 h. Expression of all the selected candidate genes was induced at least under one abiotic stress. The observed levels of expression of the same genes differed under different stress conditions; some were positively regulated under some stresses but negatively regulated under other stresses. Our results showed the presence of both specific and common gene regulatory pathways for these stresses and provide information on selective markers useful in evaluating cereal germplasms.

Alternative respiratory pathways other than the main cytochrome pathway are present in plant mitochondria, one of which is represented by a single unique enzyme alternative oxidase (AOX). Two genes encoding AOX proteins in common wheat have already been characterized (24). To further understand the structural diversity of the Aox genes in wheat, we screened the common wheat genome library for additional members of this small multigene family. Twelve Aox-related sequences were detected by Southern blot and restriction analyses and four of them were successfully subcloned and sequenced. All of the newly isolated sequences appear to be more closely related to the wheat gene Waox1a than Waox1c. Structural analysis showed that one clone was identical to Waox1a and three others appeared to be non-functional as they contained insertion/deletion mutations and/or frame-shift mutations leading to in-frame stop codons on different locations. In addition, one genomic clone highly homologous to the Waox1a cDNA sequence was identified. This cDNA-like sequence was also identified in the genomes of diploid, tetraploid and hexaploid wheat accessions. Although its origin remained unknown, our result indicated that it evolved before divergence of the ancestral wheat genomes.

Some of the main experimental observations related to the occurrence of exchange bias in magnetic systems are reviewed, focusing the attention on the peculiar phenomenology associated to nanoparticles with core/shell structure as compared to thin film bilayers. The main open questions posed by the experimental observations are presented and contrasted to existing theories and models for exchange bias formulated up to date. We also present results of simulations based on a simple model of a core/shell nanoparticle in which the values of microscopic parameters such as anisotropy and exchange constants can be tuned in the core, shell and at the interfacial regions, offering new insight on the microscopic origin of the experimental phenomenology. A detailed study of the magnetic order of the interfacial spins shows compelling evidence that most of the experimentally observed effects can be qualitatively accounted within the context of this model and allows also to quantify the magnitude of the loop shifts in striking agreement with the macroscopic observed values.

In order to study the effect of drought stress on sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) genotypes, a split plot experiment was carried out based on a Randomized Completely Block Design with two replications. The irrigation regimes compromised of Full irrigation (I1), Moderate drought stress (I2) and severe drought stress (I3). The subplots were allocated to ten different genotypes of sesame. In this experiment different characteristics including plant height, number of the primary branches, number of capsules, 1000seed weight, number of seeds per capsule, seed yield, biological yield and harvest index were measured. Analysis of variance showed that there was significant difference between genotypes for all of the studied traits, except for harvest index (%). Irrigation intervals had significant effects on number of primary branches per plant, seeds per capsule, 1000-seed weight, biological yield and seed yield. Interaction effect of irrigation ×genotype was significant for plant height, numbe...

Number Plate recognition, also called License Plate realization or recognition using image processing methods is a potential research area in smart cities and Internet of Things. Many of the existing automated number plate recognition systems work only in a controlled environment where images are captured from a straight angle with good illumination, clarity and standard fonts. Another drawback of existing works is that, they are based on UK number plates and may not suite for Indian number plates. This paper presents a novel image processing system for Indian number plate detection and recognition that can deal with, noisy, low illuminated, cross angled, non-standard font number plates. This work employs several image processing techniques such as, morphological transformation, Gaussian smoothing, and Gaussian thresholding in the pre-processing stage. Next, for number plate segmentation, contours are applied by border following and contours are filtered based on character dimensions and spatial localization. Finally, after the region of interest filtering and de-skewing, K-nearest neighbor algorithm is used for character recognition. The proposed methods demonstrated promising results.

VOITSCEKHOVICH L.Y., GOLOVKO V.A., KOCHURKO P.A., VOITSCEKHOVICH G.Y. Intrusion detection system as a basic protection element of computer networksВысочайший уровень угроз информационной безопасности из внешней среды сделал брандмауэр и Систему Обнаружения Вторжений необходимой составляющей защищенной информационной системы. В статье приводится классификация систем обнаружения вторжений, их структура, рассматриваются основные аспекты построения и развертывания в сети, а также представлены наши разработки в этой области. Цель статьи – обосновать необходимость проведения дальнейших исследований и предложить новый подход к построению систем обнаружения вторжений

KOCHURKO P. A., GOLOVKO V. А. Construction neuronetwork of system of detection and recognition of attacksРассматриваются вопросы построения нейросетевой системы для решения задач обнаружения и распознавания типов атак на базе совокупного классификатора из частных нейросетевых детекторов, отличающейся способностью к самоорганизации и обнаружению неизвестных атак. Описывается модульная структура системы, приводятся алгоритмы функционирования и способы реализации. Производится экспериментальное тестирование построенного макета системы в реальном времени

VAITSEKHOVICH L. U., GOLOVKO V. A., KUROSH MADANI. Multiagent system of detection of attacks with neural network by the qualifierВ этой статье рассматривается подход к построению системы обнаружения вторжений, основанный на использовании принципов искусственных иммунных систем и нейронных сетей. Искусственные иммунные системы способны обнаруживать неизвестные образы атак. А объединение двух технологий (иммунных систем и нейронных сетей) позволяет повысить степень защищенности. Детектор строится на базе двух различных нейронных сетей, а именно RNN и MLP. Для проведения экспериментов используется база данных KDD-99. Результаты показали, что такая система обнаружения вторжений способна эффективно обнаруживать компьютерные атаки

BEZOBRAZOV S. V., GOLOVKO V. А. The neuronet immune system for malware detection: the principles of constructionВ данной статье предложены принципы функционирования нейросетевой искусственной иммунной системы для обнаружения вредоносных программ, позволяющей обнаруживать новые, ранее неизвестные компьютерные вирусы. Представлены результаты исследований

In general, evaluation of ship hydrodynamic efficiency could be produced by an energyefficient and concentrated cost function. An optimization method with the representation of hull geometry is one of the preliminary design steps that are most appropriate for evaluating hydrodynamic performance. This work presents a comparison of two numerical methods for optimizing the shape of the hull concerning the minimization of total ship resistance in calm water conditions. The optimization method uses a theoretical approach based on Michell's integral and Rankine source methods. The discussion of the two methods emphasizes the comparison of wave resistance, total resistance, wave profiles, and wave contour. The optimized hull form comparison of total resistance between Michell's integral and Rankine source methods decreased by 3.79% and 4.0%, respectively. Comparing wave resistance with decreases by 5.52% based on Michell's integral method and 13.33% by the Rankine source method, the wave profiles generated by these two methods present a fair amount of compatibility. The wave contour illustrates a reasonably straightforward agreement on the optimal hull but are dissimilar on the initial hull.

The present paper describes the design of an industrial machine prototype (ROD Picker) which will be used for precise cutting in Short Rotation Coppice (SRC) farms. The prototype will incorporate the functionality workflow and technical features specified by the project partners: Egedal Maskinfabrik A/S - Denmark, Salix Energi Europa AB - Sweden, Lempe Gbr - Germany, TTZ Bremerhaven - Germany, TU Dresden - Germany and U.P. from Timisoara - Romania. SRC farms play an increasingly important part in the agricultural development of efficient biomass production. Using fast growing trees species (willow, poplar) bio- energy can be produced, thus contributing in two major directions of the EU strategy: tripling the use of renewable energy resources by 2020 and decreasing the impact of wood industry requirements on domestic forest resources. However, cultivation of such energy plants involves a complex technological process, one stage being the automated precise cutting of rods according to...

A novel pricing and scheduling mechanism is proposed here for Plug-in electric vehicles (PEVs) charging/discharging to track and synchronize with a renewable power generation pattern. Moreover, the proposed mechanism can be used in the demand-side management and ancillary service applications, respectively for the peak shaving and frequency regulation responding. We design a fully distributed stochastic optimization mechanism using Bayesian pure strategic repeated game by which the PEVs optimally schedule their demands. We also use a mixed Bayesian-diffusion Kalman filtering strategy for the customers to collaboratively estimate and track the stochastic price and regulation signals for the upcoming scheduling window. In the proposed paper all the characteristics of the PEVs, as well as the uncertainty about their deriving patterns are considered. As our framework converges to an equilibrium even with incomplete information, is agent-based, and the agents share the information only with their optional neighbors, it is scale-free, robust, and secure.

Carbon dots, very tiny carbon material with various surface passivations, have emerged as a new class of nanomaterials for various applications. Herein, we describe a simple, economical, and green approach for the synthesis of colloidal luminescent carbon dots (C-dots) by solvothermal method from fruit juice of Citrus limetta, an abundantly available plant in Asian countries. The existence of C-dots was confirmed by X-ray Diffraction and High Resolution Transmission Electron Microscopy studies. The C-dots size was observed to be 2-4 nm. We further evaluated the efficacy of C-dots to inhibit the attachment of Candida albicans MTCC 227, and biofilm formation on the polystyrene surfaces. The C-dots have effectively inhibited the attachment and formation of biofilm in Candida albicans at very low concentrations, which is hitherto unattempted. The ability of C-dots to inhibit biofilm formation may contribute to diverse applications of C-dots in biomedical field.

Background: Liver organoid technology holds great promises to be used in large-scale population-based drug screening and in future regenerative medicine strategies. Recently, some studies reported robust protocols for generating isogenic liver organoids using liver parenchymal and non-parenchymal cells derived from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS) or using isogenic adult primary non-parenchymal cells. However, the use of whole iPSderived cells could represent great challenges for a translational perspective. Methods: Here, we evaluated the influence of isogenic versus heterogenic non-parenchymal cells, using iPSderived or adult primary cell lines, in the liver organoid development. We tested four groups comprised of all different combinations of non-parenchymal cells for the liver functionality in vitro. Gene expression and protein secretion of important hepatic function markers were evaluated. Additionally, liver development-associated signaling pathways were tested. Finally, organoid label-free proteomic analysis and non-parenchymal cell secretome were performed in all groups at day 12. Results: We show that liver organoids generated using primary mesenchymal stromal cells and iPS-derived endothelial cells expressed and produced significantly more albumin and showed increased expression of CYP1A1, CYP1A2, and TDO2 while presented reduced TGF-β and Wnt signaling activity. Proteomics analysis revealed that major shifts in protein expression induced by this specific combination of non-parenchymal cells are related to integrin profile and TGF-β/Wnt signaling activity. Conclusion: Aiming the translation of this technology bench-to-bedside, this work highlights the role of important developmental pathways that are modulated by non-parenchymal cells enhancing the liver organoid maturation.

One of the key issues impeding the application of human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) in regenerative medicine is the occurrence of karyotypic instability of hESCs during long term culture. Stem cells grown in culture are exposed to strong selection pressures that often results in genomic alterations, varying in size from point mutations to large chromosomal aberrations, trisomies and monosomies. Different culturing conditions may affect the nature and the frequency of the acquired aberrations; however no culturing technique is immune to genomic instability. The current techniques to evaluate the genomic integrity of stem cells are mostly based on direct cytogenetic and DNA-based analyses; traditional karyotype, spectral karyotyping, array-based molecular analyses of genomic integrity etc. The potential use of aberrant or instable stem cells in cell therapy is obviously hindered as there is increased tumorigenicity risk. It is then important to optimize culturing conditions, cryo-storage and monitoring systems to be applied to the newly derived as well as existing cell lines to decipher any genetic and epigenetic alterations. It was also found that reduced oxygen to physiological levels and additions of antioxidants can be employed as possible strategies to lower oxidative stress and decrease chances of chromosomal transformation. The manual and mechanical dissection are preferentially used during hESCs sub-culturing as being less aggressive and better preserve the genome integrity.

In this paper, we are going to discuss the problem of privacy protection in electronic data transfer systems . Electronic data is consist of video, image , and text . Providing protection is not sufficient for effective data transfer .it is also important to regulate all parameters of data transfer. like speed , bandwidth required ,size ,PSNR ratio .etc. ,we basically achieving both the things by using H.264/AVC algorithm ,and 256 bit encryption key. Because of it we get three layers of protection as well as efficient data transfer rate.

The work puts an earliest effort to compare the performances of different fractional order based feed-forward type two degree of freedom (2DOF-FO) controllers optimized with Grasshopper optimization algorithm (GOA) for the study of load frequency control in interconnected system. As fractional order controllers (FOC) are gaining attention of researchers over integer order controller (IOC) in recent era, so the authors' main motive in this article is to highlight a comparative performance analysis between three different structures of feed-forward type 2DOF-FOC namely 2DOF-FO-proportional-integral-derivative (2DOF-FOPID), 2DOF-FO-integral-derivative (2DOF-FOID) and 2DOF-FOPI. These controllers are optimally designed through GOA technique. The 2DOF-FOPID controller ensured as the best one over other two controllers in GOA framework even in the presence of nonlinearities for a two area and three areas thermal system. Also, the robustness of the controllers is verified for two area system by applying different physical conditions like a random pattern of step load variations, changing the loading condition in area-1 and the system parameters within a range of ± 20%.

The work puts an earliest effort to compare the performances of different fractional order based feed-forward type two degree of freedom (2DOF-FO) controllers optimized with Grasshopper optimization algorithm (GOA) for the study of load frequency control in interconnected system. As fractional order controllers (FOC) are gaining attention of researchers over integer order controller (IOC) in recent era, so the authors' main motive in this article is to highlight a comparative performance analysis between three different structures of feed-forward type 2DOF-FOC namely 2DOF-FO-proportional-integral-derivative (2DOF-FOPID), 2DOF-FO-integral-derivative (2DOF-FOID) and 2DOF-FOPI. These controllers are optimally designed through GOA technique. The 2DOF-FOPID controller ensured as the best one over other two controllers in GOA framework even in the presence of nonlinearities for a two area and three areas thermal system. Also, the robustness of the controllers is verified for two area system by applying different physical conditions like a random pattern of step load variations, changing the loading condition in area-1 and the system parameters within a range of ± 20%.

The interactive voice response (IVR) system serves as a connection between people & computer by connecting the telephone network with instructions. The telephone user can access the information from everywhere at any time simply by dialing a specified number and following an automated instruction when a connection has been established. The IVR system uses pre-recorded or computer generated voice responses to provide information in response to an input from a telephone/mobile caller. The input may be given by means of touch-tone or Dual Tone Multi-Frequency (DTMF) signal, which is generated when a guest presses a key of his/her telephone set, and the sequence of messages to be played is determined dynamically according to an inside menu structure (maintained within the IVR application program) and the user input. Our project allows the user to know the student's attendance, marks and fees structure quickly through the telephone line without the intervention of the college authority.