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2024, Acta Terrae Septemcastrensis
https://doi.org/10.2478/ACTATR-2024-0004…
10 pages
1 file
On 10 January 1331, Pope John XXII demanded from Andrew Szécsi, bishop of Transylvania, and the cousin of Denis, former ban of Severin, not to publicize the excommunication of the voivode of Transylvania, Thomas Szécsényi. The pope acted at King Charles-Robert of Anjou's request, who had urged him to forgive the voivode and convinced him-after the excommunication-that the voivode had acted in the king's rightful interest. John XXII did not say anything about the reasons that had led to Szécsényi's excommunication, although he mentioned that this was not the first time that Szécsényi had been excommunicated by Szécsi. On 6 January 1331, Pope John XXII, at Thomas' demand, had already granted the voivode a full remission of his sins in the eventuality of his death, provided that the voivode would not commit his previous crimes. "In both Papal registers in which the remission was preserved, it was entered after the message sent by the pope to Bishop Szécsi. We can only speculate as to the reasons of the "delay". John XXII was not exactly completely open towards his Hungarian correspondents. Additionally, Charles-Robert had just returned from a disastrous campaign in Wallachia. Furthermore, Transylvania already had its fair share of "private conflicts".
This paper is a short contribution to the history of the crusades led against so-called heretics in the first half of the thirteenth century. The topic is well known in the Western historical research, as well as in the popular culture, due to the significance of the campaigns in Southern France against the Cathars, also known as the Albigensian Crusade, in the early thirteenth century. Nonetheless, the idea of a crusade to exterminate the depravity of heresy emerged in relation to other territories and local groups as well. The relationship between the Kingdom of Hungary and its southern neighbour, Bosnia offers a quite similar example, as accusations of heterodoxy played an important role in the efforts of the Hungarian rulers to assert their overlordship over the territories of Bosnia. The issue appeared as early as the outset of the thirteenth century, when accusations emerged against the Bosnian ruler, Ban Kulin claiming that he and his subjects were no true Christians. Although the monarch was able to acquit himself from the accusations due to the examination ordered by Pope Innocent III (1198–1216), there were no military actions in order at that time, yet the controversy regarding the state of Christianity in Bosnia persisted. This study investigates the situation in the 1220s and 1230s when the idea of crusaders fighting for the cause to abolish heresy arose several times, and it seems possible that a Hungarian royal prince, Duke Coloman of Slavonia, even lead his armies – as a crusader – to Bosnia. The events of the campaign(s) are scarcely known; however, the preparations are tangible in the main source material, the pontifical correspondence. Therefore I will analyse the efforts made by Honorius III (1216–1227) and Gregory IX (1227–1241) in this matter, revealing the role of crusader terminology. It is quite intriguing that Hungarian sources contain only indirect information regarding the crusade against Bosnian heresy, even though the notion of fighting infidels as crusaders a few years after the crusade of King Andrew II (1205–1235) must have been widely known among members of the lay and ecclesiastical elite of the Realm of St Stephen.
In the past decade the focus of the author’s research has been on various aspects of the relations of the Hungarian Kingdom with the Papacy in the thirteenth century. Among other things the following topics have been dealt with: the activities of papal legates sent to the Realm of St Stephen, the operation of papal delegated jurisdiction in the church of Hungary, and the role that certain members of the royal family played in this era All but one of the studies presented in this book have already been published. Nevertheless, the papers are updated based on comments received since their original publications. The texts of several studies were altered, new parts were added, certain passages were removed, and the references were completed with recent, or previously missing works. Hopefully, this collection – of somewhat overlapping studies – off ers new aspects on the research of the history of the Papacy and the Kingdom of Hungary in the High Middle Ages.
Mélanges d’Histoire Générale, NS, I/2 (= Extincta est lucerna orbis: John Hunyadi and his time, edited by Ana Dumitran, Loránd Mádly, Alexandru Simon), Cluj-Napoca, Academia Romana: Centrul de Studii Transilvane – IDC Press, ISBN 978-973-1856-01-8, p. 149-160, 2009
The present article discuss the presence in Transylvania of one of the fist Greek rite bishops here attested, known as John of Caffa, bringing to light new evidences of his life, position and further carrier.
Journal of Balkan and Black Sea Studies, 2020
The study examines a special aspect of the relations between the Papacy and the Hungarian Kingdom in the first half of the 13th century: the fight against the heretics of Bosnia, or the Bosnian Church. The question of this heresy is not investigated from a dogmatic, or a legal point of view; the analysis focuses on the measures taken by the Papacy and the Hungarian Kingdom. Pontifical legates were entrusted with tasks concerning heresy and piracy in Bosnia and Dalmatia since the very beginning of the century, while the Hungarian rulers and several prelates also took part in the struggle. My presentation starts with the investigation against Ban Kulin of Bosnia led by the papal chaplain John of Casamari, whereas among other topics the problem of the Dalmatian pirates, the Bosnian campaign of Duke Coloman of Slavonia and the integration of the diocese of Bosnia into the Hungarian Church are analysed too.
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