The Horrors of Tea Packaging

Kniha vyšla v Moskvě roku 1972 / The book was published in Moscow in 1972.

Volume II of this two-volume edition presents the results of a complex study of the materials of the Pashkovskaya 1 cemetery now absorbed by the city of Krasnodar. Grave goods, burial rites and chronology are examined against a broad background of Eastern European antiquities. Cultural-historical situation in North-Western Ciscaucasia in the 5th–7th centuries is analyzed. The book is supplied with appendices dealing with the study of glass, stone, etc. artefacts, textile fragments and bioarchaeological research. Volume I is the first publication of K. F. Smirnov’s report on his excavations of the Pashkovskaya 1 cemetery in 1947–1949. The book is intended for archaeologists, historians, anthropologists, local lore and history students and the general public interested in the history of the North Caucasus.

The History of Tea: new documents and materials Издание вводит в научный оборот документы и материалы по истории чая. Представлены рецепты XIX в. в которых чай смешивается с алкогольными напитками, материалы о чае в Японии, чае в русской живописи XIX - XX вв., цены на чай в дореволюционный период и в советских ресторанах периода «застоя», реклама, редкие документы Советской Эпохи на чайных этикетах начала ХХ в. Большой блок иллюстраций: семейные фотографии XIX - XX вв., рекламу и упаковку чая царского и советского периода, гравюры, карты, рисунки, фотографии чайных пломб, талонов на чай, фотографий и рисунков Китая эпохи Цин. Книга будет востребована историками, экономистами, социологами, культурологами, работниками пищевой промышленности, краеведами, сфрагистами, учителями средних и высших учебных заведений, специалистами в области рекламы и генеалогии.

Journal of historical philological and cultural studies, 2019

Гераклейский сборник V, 2021

Брянский клад украшений с выемчатой эмалью восточноевропейского стиля (III в.). , 2018

The chemical composition of glass of beads and enamels of the Bryansk hoard was studied by scanning electron microscope with an attached energy dispersive spectrometer (SEM-EDS) and by Electron probe microanalysis (EPMA) using a wavelength dispersive spectrometer (WDS). Quantitative analysis (on ground and polished samples mounted into epoxy resin blocks,) was carried out for 25 samples, including 13 enamels and 9 beads (Tab. 3, 4); semi-quantitative (on a little ground surface of enameled fields without sampling, using the SEM-EDS method) – for 30 samples, including 19 enamels and 5 beads (Tab. 6). In addition to items of the Bryansk hoard (Tab. 3: 1-21, 4: 1-16, 6: 1-23), the enameled adornments from the territory of modern Lipetsk, Bryansk, Kursk, Yaroslavl regions (Tab. 3: 23 -25; 4: 17-19; 6: 24-30), as well as a sample of a bead from the Moshchino hoard of Barbarian enamels (the Upper Oka area) (Tab. 3: 22) were added into the series. The samples of red opaque glass – enamels (Tab. 3: 5-8, 10, 11, 14, 23-25, 4: 5-8, 10, 11, 14, 17-19; 6: 8-11 , 13-17, 19, 20, 23-30) and beads (Tab. 3: 1-3, 20, 22, 4: 1-3, 6: 1-5) make the major part of the selection. Composition of enamels of the orange opaque (Tab. 3: 4,12, 4: 4, 12, 6: 7, 12, 21), green opaque (Tab. 3:13, 4:13), blue transparent (Tab. 3: 9, 4: 9) glass was also studied, as well as beads: colorless translucent glass (the external layer of gold-glass – Tab. 3: 15-17, 4: 15, 16) and two-layered, with an uncoloured core and an external layer of yellow or red opaque glass (Tab. 3: 18-21 ; 6: 5, 6). The comparison of the results of quantitative and semi-quantitative analyses made for a number of samples allowed to get important data on the informative value, accuracy and limitations of the last one. The results of the analyses showed an extremely high degree of homogeneity of the red opaque glass of all studied beads and enamels (Tab. I-III). It indicates that identical types of raw materials and technological additives were used. They are distinguished by composition typical for plant ash glass. In this case, however, we can assume that fuel ash or charcoal was added to the natron glass as a reducing agent that promotes color formation in red glass (Tab. I). Such composition is typical for the Mediterranean red and orange opaque glass of Roman and early Byzantine periods, where the natron glass predominates. Metal scrap of multicomponent copper alloys or metallurgical wastes (Tab. I: Б, В) could have been used as a colorant. Red glass has quite a low, but homogeneous concentration of lead (an average of 8.4%), which is typical for enamels as distinct from other types of objects of the same period (adornments, tesserae, vessels). Composition of the red glass of brick-shaped beads and external layer of two-layered beads is identical to composition of enamels, including homogeneous lead content of about 8%, which is not typical for glass beads. It is possible to suggests that their production was concomitant with enamel. However, we cannot exclude that far from the centers of enamel production they were used not only as adornments, but also served as semi-finished products for enameling. Appearing in the first centuries AD, enamels of similar composition (type 2 after Henderson, 1991a) were typical for the provincial Roman enamel craft. Orange glass is made according to a close recipe, but probably, iron was used as a reducing agent along with fuel ash (Tab. II: A). A significant difference in lead content in green (0.77%), red (8.4%) and orange (19.1%) enamels (Tab. II: Г) is remarked. Obviously, these differences allowed to fill the needles with enamels of different colors without metal bars, using the difference of melting temperatures, influenced by lead. The blue enamel (Tab. 3: 9, 4: 9) has a composition typical for natron glass decolorized by antimony, group 4 according to D.Foy et al., 2003, widespread in the Mediterranean and European part of the Roman Empire in 1st -3rd / mid- 4th c. AD. The glass of gold-glass beads (Table 3: 15-17, 4: 15, 16) can not be attributed to any of the compositional groups used in the secondary glass working in the workshops of the western part of the Roman Empire. Probably, these beads were made outside the European part of the Empire, of glass, which was not the object of long distance trade and was used only locally in production zones. At the same time, judging by the differences in concentration of elements characterizing the composition of the sand, the glass of gold-glass beads from the Bryansk hoard was melted using raw materials from two different sources. The base of the metal foil was gold and contain also copper and silver (Tab. 7).

Aleksandr Markovich Belenitskii (03.24.1904 — 15.06.1993) — the outstanding Russian orientalist and archaeologist — not only was famed of being during 25 years at the head of the excavations at the world-known early medieval Sogdian city of Panjikent, but also was an excellent written-source researcher who studied the original medieval Arabic and Persian texts with great success. He has published a number of works on the basis of his very deep knowledge of written sources, a significant part of the most important information from which he, in fact, has first introduced into scholarly circulation. A special place in A. M. Belenitskii’s scientific heritage is occupied with a commented translation from the Arabic language of the work of the 11th-century great Central Asian scholar al-Biruni entitled “Collection of information for the knowledge of jewels (Mineralogy)” that is re-edited in this book. The present, second, edition includes three new introductory articles and amendments of the revealed shortcomings of the first edition (published in 1963) as well.

В статье собраны данные о мастерских по производству стеклянных украшений VI в. до н.э.-VI-VII вв. н.э. и их современных этнографических параллелях. Представленные материалы важны при работе с таким массовым археологическим материалом, как стеклянные бусы. Они позволяют не только глубже понять некоторые приемы работы древних мастеров, их технологические возможности и особенности организации производства, но и оценить степень реалистичности археологических реконструкций, публикуемых в научной литературе.

Сборник научных трудов подготовлен к юбилею известного специалиста в области археологии средневековой Руси и хранителя археологических коллекций Н.Г. Недошивиной, работающей в Историческом музее более 55 лет. В нем впервые представлены неизвестные ранее археологические памятники и категории материалов и предложены атрибуции выявленных в коллекциях предметов, дополняющих источниковую базу по периодам становления Древнерусского государства, его развития и более позднего времени. Авторами сборника, помимо сотрудников ГИМ, стали представители крупных научных организаций Москвы, С.-Петербурга, Пскова и Новгорода.

Chugunova K. S., Khavrin S. V. Chemical composition of metal objects // Furasiev A., Shablavina E. CONCESTI a Princely Grave from the Great Migration Period., 2019