The Relationship Between Self-Esteem and Social Conformism at Roma People Teenagers

2016

Purpose: The current study tested the applicability of self-control theory in Roma adolescents, one of the largest ethnic minorities in Europe; it compared mean levels of deviance measures and correlates (parenting and low self-control) in Roma versus non-Roma Czech youth. Methods: Questionnaire data were collected from Roma (n = 239, 47.5% female, Mage = 14.02) and non-Roma (n = 130, 47.7% female, Mage = 14.71) adolescents residing in the Czech Republic. Measures included maternal parenting processes, low self-control, and deviance (alcohol use, school misconduct, and theft). Results: Findings from SEM analyses provided evidence that perceived maternal support predicted lower deviance both directly and indirectly via low self-control, while perceived maternal conflict predicted lower self-control and higher deviance. No differences were found between Roma and non-Roma adolescents in mean deviance scores or in the links between parenting, low self-control, and deviance. Conclusion: Roma adolescents did not differ from ethnic Czech adolescents in rates of deviance or the developmental processes focused on age-appropriate indicators of deviance. Thus, this evidence further extends the reach of Gottfredson and Hirschi’s seminal theoretical work to ethnic minorities outside of North America.

Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 2014

Rates of aggression and delinquency are assumed to be higher among Roma and other minorities, but sound evidence of this is lacking. Our aim was to assess delinquent and aggressive behavior among Roma and non-Roma adolescents and the effects on ethnic differences of parental education and social desirability. We conducted a cross-sectional study among Roma from separated and segregated settlements in the eastern part of Slovakia (N = 330; M age = 14.50; interview) and non-Roma adolescents (N = 722; M age = 14.86; questionnaire). The effect of ethnicity on antisocial behaviors was analyzed using linear regression (crude) and adjusted for gender, parental education, and social desirability. Adjustment for social desirability diminished the ethnic differences in delinquency (B = 1.08; 95% confidence interval [CI] = [2.12, −0.04]), led to an increase in the differences in hostility Downloaded from 2 Journal of Interpersonal Violence (B = 2.43; 95% CI = [0.87, 3.99]), and led to the disappearance of differences in physical aggression (B = 0.45; 95% CI = [1.14, 2.07]). Parental education did not affect the associations in an important way. Our findings indicate that Roma are not that much different from non-Roma, in terms of antisocial behavior, which contradicts the general perception of Roma. Our findings should be confirmed in other settings.

International Journal of Public Health, 2020

Objectives The current study tested the extent to which the neighborhood context influenced Roma youth adjustment (internalizing and externalizing problems, and academic competence) and whether ethnicity moderated these links and explained unique variance. Methods Cross-sectional data were collected from 369 Roma and non-Roma early and middle adolescents. Results Roma youth reported significantly lower SES, school grades, and academic aspirations. Perceived fear or concerns about neighborhood safety predicted all three internalizing problems, for both Roma and non-Roma adolescents; neighborhood acquaintanceship density and nighttime social activities predicted externalizing behaviors, for both ethnic groups; and finally, both ethnicity and nighttime social activities predicted school grades, while only ethnicity predicted academic aspirations. No significant by ethnicity interaction effects were found. Conclusions Roma youth reported lower grades and academic aspirations, but no mean level differences were found in internalizing or externalizing problems by ethnicity. On the other hand, neighborhood variables were important for both groups of youth, and with the exception of measures of academic competence, ethnicity did not explain unique variance. Thus, developmental processes, the links between neighborhood variables and measures of adjustment, were highly similar in Roma and non-Roma youth.

viXra, 2019

This study was conducted with the aim to measure the influence of socioeconomic status over selfesteem. These variables in question were put into analysis using quantitative research. Respectfully, a bulk of identical researches were piloted using both variables, and through the lens of the discrepancy encountered in the literature, the objective was to see the extent to which this research would support, confirm or deny the dominating notions. It is then a replication with a different group of participants who have never taken a chance to be part of this concept. Various variables were vital to the study, including; parental and students’ level of education, the area of living, the age, the gender and the mother tongue. With respect to the diversity that exists, subjects from rural and urban areas were given the chance and the same atmosphere to contribute. The instrument used to measure both variables were questionnaires. The total number of the participants who took the questionn...

Croatian Journal of Education - Hrvatski časopis za odgoj i obrazovanje

This research is based on the assumption that the social competences acquired in early childhood serve as a prerequisite for a successful social interaction during primary education. This type of competence can be a challenge for children who come from marginalized groups that are very often isolated within the society. The aim of the research was to determine whether a longer stay in the institution of early childhood and preschool education contributes to a higher development of social competences of Roma children. The research was conducted with primary school teachers evaluating the social competences of sixty Roma children in the second grade. Subsamples consisted of thirty children who had been included in the early childhood and preschool education system for two years, and thirty children who had been included in the system for one year. The results indicate that the participants do not exhibit those behaviours that point to social competence frequently enough. The research results do not indicate a statistically significant correlation between the children's social competence and their length of stay in an institution of early childhood and preschool education. A disadvantage of this research is that it is based on a subjective assessment.

2018

This study was conducted with the aim to measure the influence of socioeconomic status over self-esteem. These variables in question were put into analysis using quantitative research. Respectfully, a bulk of identical researches were piloted using both variables, and through the lens of the discrepancy encountered in the literature, the objective was to see the extent to which this research would support, confirm or deny the dominating notions. It is then a replication with a different group of participants who have never taken a chance to be part of this concept. Various variables were vital to the study, including; parental and students' level of education, the area of living, the age, the gender and the mother tongue. With respect to the diversity that exists, subjects from rural and urban areas were given the chance and the same atmosphere to contribute. The instrument used to measure both variables were questionnaires. The total number of the participants who took the questionnaires was 81, with a number of 35 females and 46 males. Results to be discussed, a weak and negative correlation exist between socioeconomic status and self-esteem. A negative correlation (Pearson r) was found at a level of-.118, with an insignificance (p-value) at .463. Thus, the null hypothesis was not to be rejected.

Journal of adolescence, 2017

This article is part of a Special Issue entitled Explaining Positive Adaptation of Immigrant Youth across Cultures. This study tested a mediation model of ethnic socialization (i.e., parental practices that promote children's knowledge about their history, heritage culture, cultural authenticity, and ethnic bias management) in Roma youth. Roma are the largest ethnic minority group in Europe subjected to severe discrimination, both currently and historically. Participants were 202 Roma youth aged 14 to 19 years old (M = 16.25, 53% females), who provided self-reports on their experience of ethnic socialization, ethnic identity, school achievement, and life satisfaction. Cultural pride reinforcement was related to better school achievement, whereas cultural coping with antagonism was positively related to life satisfaction. The study confirmed the model in that ethnic socialization was positively related to life satisfaction through effects on ethnic identity but negatively associa...

Positive youth development in global contexts of social and economic change, 2017

This chapter applies a strengths-based, positive youth development (PYD) perspective of adolescence by investigating ethnic and national identity resources underlying positive adaptation in Roma minority youth in Albania, Bulgaria, the Czech Republic, Kosovo, Italy and Romania. In all countries, Roma are traditionally marginalized and high risk group for compromised well-being. Participants were 513 Roma minority adolescents (age: M = 15.21 years, SD = 1.59) who filled in self-reports on Roma ethnic and national identity and self-esteem. Results of separate within group comparisons indicated that Roma in the Czech Republic, Kosovo and Italy showed higher endorsement of Roma ethnic than national identity, whereas national identity was stronger for youth in Romania and Albania. We also found positive effects of Roma identity on self-esteem for youth in the Czech Republic, whereas national identity was positively associated with self-esteem for Roma in Albania, Bulgaria and Romania. We suggest that the salience of ethnic and national identities for Roma is moderated by contextual conditions of countries hosting Roma and that these conditions are important factors in promoting their optimal adaptation.

This paper is based on interviewing 20 Roma adolescents, some from residential homes and others living in poor Roma communities. We are looking at how their self-concepts and future orientation are marked by their disadvantageous environments, as well as the resources they have to maintain themselves hopeful. Based on testimonials of the Roma adolescents, we look at how adolescents describe their occupational aspirations, what resources they rely on, and respectively what barriers they perceive on their ways to attain their goals. In this context we try to draw the line between ecologic normality, seen as turn-away of youngsters from mainstream education and career aspirations, and resilient behaviour, seen as maintenance of positive illusions and continuous struggle towards educational and vocational attainment and social integration. We shall apply the concept of positive illusion as discussed by Taylor & Gollwitzer (1995); Taylor & Stanton (2007). According to Taylor's theory of cognitive and social adaptation, we shall examine their capacity to maintain positive mental health and self enhancement capacity expressed in positive illusions about themselves, about maintaining control and future orientation.

A cross-cultural study of global self-esteem of Bulgarian and Turkish students was conducted. A total number of 217 students in Bulgaria and Turkey were studied using the Coopersmith Self-esteem Inventory, adult form . The results showed that self-esteem of the Turkish students (all Muslims) was higher than self-esteem of Bulgarian students (all -Orthodox Christians). The female students in Turkey were with the highest self-esteem, followed by the male students in Turkey, and with the lowest self-esteem were the female students in Bulgaria. General self-esteem was not related to the academic success of the students in Turkey and Bulgaria.