Urban History

¿Cuántos municipios españoles tenían escuela hace dos o tres siglos? ¿Qué porcentaje de niños acudía en nuestro país a las escuelas de primeras letras durante el Antiguo Régimen? No resulta fácil contestar a estas preguntas, pues apenas disponemos de fuentes en las que apoyarnos para responderlas, o no se han descubierto todavía. Junto con el Catastro de Ensenada (1751), en el que se basan algunas de las investigaciones más interesantes y recientes sobre el sistema escolar de la España del siglo XVIII, el Censo de Godoy (1797) 1 es, sin duda, uno de los documentos más valiosos para el estudio del tema que nos ocupa, puesto que incluye un recuento por provincias del número de alumnos y de escuelas primarias que existían en el país 2 . Ahora bien, la escolarización no es fenómeno fácil de estudiar. No es fácil cuantificar los avances, lentos pero inexorables, de la asistencia a la escuela a lo largo de la historia de Europa. Al abordar el estudio de esta cuestión surgen diversos problemas, además del de la escasez de los documentos, al que ya nos hemos referido, relacionados con la interpretación de los datos que proporcionan las fuentes ya descubiertas o por descubrir, y que tienen su origen en la misma naturaleza de esas fuentes. La estadística es siempre una muestra del poder que ha alcanzado un Estado, y a la vez un instrumento del que éste se sirve para aumentar el control que ejerce sobre los ciudadanos. El Estado que elabora estadísticas fiables y exhaustivas dispone siempre de un aparato administrativo muy poderoso 3 . Por eso, las estadísticas que realizan los gobiernos del Antiguo Régimen, cuya administración es muy rudimentaria si la comparamos con la actual, son en general bastante elementales y no del todo fiables. El mismo Censo de Godoy ofrece una cifra de población para el conjunto de España que es inferior en un millón de habitantes a la real, y cabría preguntarse cuál es la fia-

This chapter fundamentally rethinks what constitutes urban infrastructure and its future design by proposing a theoretical framework and attendant research agenda. The chapter investigates how residents transact i.e. have interactive exchanges, with urban infrastructure (e.g. water, sanitation, transportation, communication, energy), in the global south via “off-grid” approaches (i.e. highly creative ways, such as informal strategies and social innovations). The theoretical framework is based on two innovative premises. The first is that the conjunctions of people and their
transactions with each other and with urban infrastructure in the global south in fact constitute a type of unique infrastructure itself i.e. people as infrastructure, following Simone (2004). The second is that these types of people/people and people/infrastructure transactions can be further designed to empower residents and create transformative urban practices i.e. designing urban transformation, following Inam (2014). Integrating these two premises, the paper further develops this theoretical framework via a research agenda focusing on the global south, where the most
ground-breaking innovations in informality have been integral to cities for centuries e.g. in Africa, Asia, Latin America. By pursuing this research agenda, the chapter proposes new ideas about the power of design, such as the everyday creativity of citizens, and the transdisciplinary collaborations necessary to redesign urban infrastructure. This is also an approach for learning and theorising from the global south that is highly relevant to the global north (e.g., in terms of radically democratic design, innovation in the face of resource constraints, horizontal networks rather than top-down expertise).

This article explores the history, organisation, composition, and significance of the Council of War in the Low Countries in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. The Council was a flexible, informally functioning junta that advised the governor-general on military policy. There are almost no archives preserved for this Council. Researching an informal junta is methodologically challenging and required a wide variety of archival traces to be pursued. Between c. 1567 and c. 1621 the Council seems to have functioned as a general staff and advisory body in the field. From the 1620s it lost influence to competing institutions, and became a network of garrison commanders and a body of honour. More generally this article tries to understand army command and military strategy with a focus on the relationship between formal institutions and informal juntas.

In this paper we will discuss the urbanization and development of the village that will later be the seat of the future city of Alagoinha do Piaui, starting from the analysis of the representations that its dwellers had about the appearance of the constituent elements of the city: Streets, market, temple. Thus, we will examine the city or the constitution of its elements in the still village of Alagoinha, at the threshold of the twentieth century, starting from the differentiation between city and urban. Our objective is to investigate the process of urbanization of Alagoinha settlement and the paths taken by the first dwellers for the outcome in the autonomy of the municipality, also examining their daily life and their experiences, as well as the meanings that such elements and residents had in the later process of political emancipation, starting from the analysis of poems, chronicles and memory texts of the residents of Alagoinha, results of an inherited memory. As a theoretical...

E sempre uma satisfacao renovada poder apresentar uma nova edicao da Revista Semestral Raizes e Rumos – uma publicacao da Pro-Reitoria de Extensao e Cultura (PROEXC) da Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UNIRIO). O dossie dessa oitava revista – Conscientizacao em Extensao: experiencias e saberes sustentaveis – reflete preocupacoes profundas que entrelacam Homem e Natureza, uma relacao ancestral sempre pautada por uma interdependencia de equilibrio instavel, que parece ja ter forcado todos os limites aceitaveis.

This article presents an interview conducted by Violeta Davoliūtė with the late Lithuanian artist Adasa Skliutauskaitė (1931-2023). The interview, conducted in late 2022, is part of a series focusing on the generation that formed the post-WWII Lithuanian cultural elite in Vilnius, particularly women creators. This generation navigated a city dramatically reshaped by war, genocide, and migration.

Skliutauskaitė reflects on her life, beginning with her childhood in Kaunas. She recalls her father, a Jewish doctor, facing antisemitism in the pre-war era. The family fled Kaunas on the first day of the German invasion in 1941, tragically losing her older brother. They spent the war years evacuated in Frunze (now Bishkek). Returning to Lithuania in 1946, they settled in Vilnius. Skliutauskaitė describes the challenging atmosphere of post-war Vilnius – marked by ruins, poverty, and the Stalinist-era constraints she experienced while studying art. Despite antisemitism persisting after the war, she established herself as a prolific illustrator, notably for children's books, working with numerous Lithuanian authors, including Jewish writers. She reflects on feeling a connection to Jewish themes in her work  and emphasizes her lifelong process of self-formation, stating, "I always sculpted myself". Skliutauskaitė also recounts her firm decision to remain in Lithuania during the 1970s wave of emigration to Israel, despite significant pressure to leave.

https://literaturairmenas.lt/atmintis/adasa-skliutauskaite-ias-visada-pati-lipdziau-savei

В статье сделана попытка освещения аналитического и комплексного рассмотрения истории организации и развития кафедры общественных наук и украиноведения Буковинского государственного медицинского университета. Приведены основные научные и педагогические достижения сотрудников кафедры, указаны перспективы ее развития на современном этапе

Ce document est protégé par la loi sur le droit d'auteur. L'utilisation des services d'Érudit (y compris la reproduction) est assujettie à sa politique d'utilisation que vous pouvez consulter en ligne. Cet article est diffusé et préservé par Érudit. Érudit est un consortium interuniversitaire sans but lucratif composé de

Company was one of the great retailers headquartered in Pennsylvania. Its first store opened in 1906 in McKeesport, just outside of Pittsburgh, and like its competitors F. W. Woolworth and S. S. Kresge companies, Murphy's operated a chain of "Five and Tens" in cities and towns. Murphy's particular strategy was to locate many of its stores in small towns where it could be the leading retailer. At one time, Murphy's stores blanketed rural Pennsylvania, Maryland, and West Virginia and eventually extended to small towns throughout the South and Midwest. It was an innovative retailer as well. During the 1950s, it was the first "Five and Ten" to advertise on television; it eventually used computers to track its inventory and sales, and by 1970 it was opening massive Murphy Mart stores. By then the company operated over five hundred units. Ironically, the chain's demise was a result of its success. In 1985, Ames Department Stores acquired the highly profitable Murphy Company during the merger and acquisition boom. Ames, however, declined under deep debt and increased competition and, after two bankruptcies, closed its remaining units in 2002. Jason Togyer, a magazine editor based in Pittsburgh, used the resources of the McKeesport-based G. C. Murphy Company Foundation to produce a wellillustrated and interesting chronicle of the rise and fall of this once seemingly ubiquitous Pennsylvania retailer. The foundation partially funded the project and helped coordinate the collection of the employees' and customers' stories that Togyer uses to bring life to his narrative. It is these reminiscences that make this book special, and they come from retired executives and shop assistants and from customers in small towns in the mining region and in large cities like Pittsburgh and Baltimore. They effectively turn this book into an invaluable oral history project. Using the foundation's records and photographs, newspaper articles, and the stories of workers and customers, Togyer tells the tale of G. C. Murphy from its founding in 1906 to its demise in the 1980s. Other than a few problems in the first five years, Toyger finds a series of uninterrupted successes; it even remained profitable during the Great Depression. After World War II, Murphy's enlarged its stores, built branches in suburbs and malls, and used technology to remain competitive. As detailed in this work, missteps were few and successes many. This rosy view of G. C. Murphy Company is one of the book's two weaknesses. Likely because of the sources used, there is little unbiased perspective on the store. To a large degree, this is an insider tale crafted twenty years after the fact by people who truly miss the world of "Five and Tens." The book lacks the scholarly distance of a work like Susan Porter Benson's Counter Cultures (1988),

Alice Stopford Green's work in the economic and social recovery of the Kingdom of Meath including her friendship with James McCann, her close attachment to the Hill of Uisneach, her involvement in the Durrow access controversy of 1914, and her objection to the use of the name Tara in Lord Aberdeen's title.

Jerusalem is the third holy city of Muslims after Mecca and Medina, which are called Harameyn. For this reason, it is referred to as salis-i Haramullah in many sources. The verses in the Qur'an about the al-Masjid al-Aqsa and the Prophet Muhammad's and other prophets' acquaintance with this city were influential in the recognition of Jerusalem as a holy city. After the city came under Muslim rule

This paper will discuss the lessons learned by an architect/educator and an artist/educator during the design and facilitation of a five-day collaborative workshop held in Kosice, Slovakia in April 2007. This project was initiated by IC Culture Train and the British Council and managed by KOD architects (Bratislava). The brief we were given by KOD Architects was to design and facilitate a cross-disciplinary process involving post-graduate students from the fields of design, architecture, philosophy and art. The results of the workshop would later form the basis for the design and construction of a ‘Speaker’s Corner’ in Kosice. The brief for the ‘Speaker’s Corner’ was based on the presumption that the ‘Speaker’s Corner’ in Hyde Park, London would be a valuable addition to the public realm of Kosice, Slovakia. The workshop was set up to provide ideas for the form and function of that space.

The first residential area planned and built in Cagliari after the Second World War was in Sant’Elia (1951-1956), selected after debateable political choices as an area of refuge for the poorer classes of the city’s population left homeless after the war. The neighbourhood is in the peripheral area known as Lazzaretto, where many displaced people had already found refuge during the war. Without basic services, the neighbourhood initially accom- modated around 2,400 people. The physical and social centre of the Sant’Elia community was the parish church of the same name, one of the few services in the neighbourhood. The project started to be developed in 1956 by the architect Salvatore Rattu, respon- sible for the main local architectural projects before and after the Second World War. He acted on the suggestions put forward by Archbishop Paolo Botto, who was heavily committed to pastoral work involving the peripheral areas of the city. Despite its basic conformation, the church reflects the developing technical trends of national religious architecture and would become fundamental in the urban and social characterization of the neighbourhood.

A városi közösségi közlekedés szakembereinek körében évtizedek óta téma a járművek kihasználtságának mérése. A manuális, azaz a megfigyeléses forgalomszámlálás mellett egyre több közlekedési társaság alkalmaz automatikus módszereket azért, hogy folyamatosan adatokat kaphasson az utasszámról. A technikai fejlődésének köszönhetően a fel és leszállások számlálására és a helymeghatározáshoz egyre megbízhatóbb automatikus adatgyűjtő rendszerek állnak rendelkezésünkre. Ez megnyitotta az utasszámlálás piacát az adatfeldolgozással foglalkozó szervezetek és szakemberek előtt, és kitágította a vizsgálható kérdések halmazát: meg tudjuk-e mérni az utazások célját és hosszát Tudjuk-e követni az átszállási mintázatokat? Cikkünkben bemutatjuk az utasszámlálásra rendelkezésre álló technológiákat kezdve a manuális utasszámlálástól az infravörös érzékelőn keresztül az utasmédián át egészen a wifi rendszerekig. Ezek közvetlenül vagy közvetve mind alkalmasak úgynevezett keresztmetszeti mérésekre, a jár...

Pariwisata merupakan salah satu bentuk pendapatan kota. Dalam usaha menarik turis, banyak cara dilakukan untuk meningkatkan pesona destinasi wisata. Walaupun begitu, tujuan wisata tidak dapat berdiri dengan sendirinya, infrastruktur pendukung kegiatan wisata masih diperlukan untuk memenuhi kebutuhan turis yang datang ke kota. Kawasan kota lama semarang adalah contoh kasus yang baik untuk penelitian ini, sebagai warisan sejarah kolonial Belanda yang terletak tak jauh dari pusat kota. Sebagai warisan sejarah, Kota Lama harus menjaga citra kolonial belanda di dalam kawasan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kondisi Kota Lama Semarang dalam rangka mengembangkan pariwisata. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif, dimana peniliti mencoba menafsirkan fenomena yang ada menurut persepektif peneliti. Merawat kondisi bangunan kota tua tidak mudah mengingat konstruksi bangunan yang sudah tua. Namun, dengan dijadikannya Kota Lama sebagai kawasan warisan sejarah mampu memberikan kes...

Der Beitrag behandelt den Wiederaufbau Warschaus als besonders signifikantes Beispiel der Überwindung der intentionalen Zerstörung von Städten im Zweiten Weltkrieg. Der Beitrag behandelt zunächst die dreifache Zerstörung Warschaus im Zuge der deutschen Belagerung und Einnahme der Stadt, der Niederschlagung des Ghettoaufstandes und des Warschauer Aufstandes sowie der anschließenden systematischen Zerstörung der städtischen Bausubstanz. Der Artikel verweist zudem auf den Krieg gegen die Bevölkerung bzw. die systematischen Vernichtung vor allem der jüdischen Bevölkerung Warschaus. Die Planung des Wiederaufbaus Warschaus, so wird argumentiert, spiegelt die verschiedenen Phasen der Zerstörung der Stadt, aber auch die Konsolidierung eines sozialistischen Systems nach dem Zweiten Weltkrieg. Für dieses System, an das viele polnische Architekten durchaus hohe Erwartungen knüpften, war der Wiederaufbau der bewusst und systematisch zerstören polnischen Hauptstadt ein Prestigeprojekt, an dem auch die Überlegenheit des neuen Systems – insbesondere der Planökonomie – demonstriert werden sollte. Gleichwohl lässt sich nicht von einem uniformen Wiederaufbau sprechen. Im engeren Sinne modernistische Lösungen stehen neben bzw. wurden schnell überlagert durch Architektur des sozialistischen Realismus (MDM-Viertel, Kulturpalast). Der Wiederaufbau der Altstadt entlang historischer Vorbilder folgte einer eigenen Logik. Wiewohl politische Vorgaben Architekten in hohem Maße einschränkten, lässt sich abschließend doch konstatieren, dass die für den Wiederaufbau gefunden Lösungen Warschau den Weg geebnet haben zur außerordentlich dynamischen Stadt, die Warschau heute ist.

Della multiforme attività di Leonardo da Vinci, le cui testimonianze artistiche e documentali sono sparse tra Italia e Francia, meno noto è il suo contributo al mondo agricolo, in particolare  tra Piemonte e Lombardia, dove diede avvio a quella che sarebbe diventata la grande risaia d’Europa, e il suo stretto legame con la viticoltura, in quel di Milano, alla Corte degli Sforza. Aspetti oggetto di questo lavoro.

Public space is a primary ingredient in urban environment. Spaces in which social life of people takes place. It contains important events and points of fracture in the history of time. Studying the place shaping process of a public space begins with a look to the past. This continuum is situated in both place and time, it can help us connect our lives with the lives of people who were living hundreds of years ago, and disclose the reality of how public spaces are shaped and altered through a radiological analysis. Considering the fact that, our obsession with the pastoral view that sees history as a perfect prescription for all times does not work here, we must have a learning perspective on history. Drawing from historical-analytical research; this paper unveils the forces and power relationships through Ghajar and pahlavi era and the recent decades during which_Toopkhane square as an example of a public space_is shaped.

The findings demonstrates that the significant role this space had in people's social life and it's dialectical relationship with the city, has been faded over time. Therefore as Marshal Berman says, learning from history is not necessarily repeating it. Maybe we should learn from our previous mistakes and admit that our influence today is less significant than we like to imagine.

Depuis une décennie, les recherches sur la fabrique et le fonctionnement quotidien des institutions municipales dans les pays occitans médiévaux connaissent un important dynamisme. Ce regain d'intérêt invite au réexamen des conditions de l'émergence des gouvernements communaux aux XIIe et XIIIe siècles, sur lesquelles portera cette rencontre. Le croisement de dossiers relatifs à des localités de taille variable, représentant l'ensemble du Midi - des grandes cités de Marseille, Toulouse et Bordeaux aux petites villes de Saint-Emilion, Najac ou Saint-Rémy-de-Provence - permettra notamment de s'interroger sur les modalités de ce processus, les acteurs de sa mise en oeuvre et leurs rapports avec les autorités seigneuriales.

C es journées consacrées à l'analyse des « objets et contenus » des réglementations de métier se proposent de considérer toutes les sortes de règles qui encadrent les activités professionnelles, qu'il s'agisse de coutumes, de règles éparses prises à des moments différents, ou de statuts de métier. Dans ce dernier cas, le règlement sera considéré en tant qu'ensemble, dans une approche résolument dynamique et comparative. Si, à juste titre, certains articles sont souvent isolés pour rendre compte de tel ou tel aspect de la norme, nous proposons, au cours de ces troisièmes journées de chercher à envisager chaque norme comme un tout qui, certes, n'est pas figé et peut résulter de révisions multiples lui donnant un caractère quelque peu hétérogène, mais n'en demeure pas moins souvent unifié, pour les contemporains, sous une référence unique. La réglementation des métiers sera donc envisagée sous toutes ses formes (écrites et non écrites) notamment par le croisement de différentes sources afin d'en comparer et d'en singulariser autant que possible les objets et contenus, à un moment, en un lieu ou pour un métier ou un ensemble de métiers donnés. C'est, en effet, par l'analyse des contenus que nous entendons chercher à saisir les finalités effectives de la réglementation, et mieux appréhender, au-delà des buts revendiqués dans les préambules de certains textes, les visées sous-jacentes ou implicites de ces normes. Comité d'organisation Philippe Bernardi (CNRS-LaMOP) Caroline Bourlet (CNRS-IRHT) Maxime L'Héritier (Paris 8-HISPOSS/ArScAn) Corine Maitte (UPEM-ACP) Judicaël Petrowiste (Paris Diderot-ICT)

This article explores the earliest phase of the castle of Breda in the Netherlands. Based on historical sources and archaeological evidence, the author reconstructs the development of the site from a fortified structure in the 12th century into a more complex castle in the 13th and 14th centuries. It examines the role of the Lords of Breda and the influence of regional politics on the construction and expansion of the castle. The study emphasizes the strategic and symbolic importance of the castle within the medieval urban landscape and contributes to understanding the early history of fortified noble residences in the Low Countries.

Osmanlı Dönemi öncesine kadar; gerek Müslüman, gerekse gayrimüslim devletler arasında sürekli el değiştiren Gaziantep şehri, Osmanlı dönemi ile birlikte bayındır bir hale gelmiştir. Kent, genelde devletlerin sınır şehri olarak kalmış, Osmanlı döneminde istikrarın sağlanmasıyla birlikte, gelişerek önem kazanmıştır. Gaziantep’in gelişmesi ve zenginleşmesi, mimari eserlere doğrudan etki etmiş, özellikle il merkezinin cami, medrese, han, hamam gibi yapılarla donatılmasına mahal vermiştir.
Gaziantep Türk-İslam Mimarisi adlı tezimizde, Gaziantep il merkezi, ilçeleri ve köylerinde yer alan, Türk-İslam mimari eserleri incelenmeye çalışılmıştır. Osmanlı dönemi öncesindeki eserlerin çoğunun tarihi, net olarak bilinmemektedir. Gaziantep’teki en erken tarihli yapının Hz. Ömer dönemine kadar gittiği söylense de bu gerçekle pek bağdaşmamaktadır. İncelediğimiz yapıların tarih aralığı, 12. yy.’la 20. yy.’ın ilk çeyreği arasındadır. Bu geniş zaman diliminde konumuz kapsamındaki 115 eserden; 42’si cami, 6’sı mescit, 1’i zaviye, 1’i imaret, 2’si medrese, 2’si mektep, 6’sı türbe, 11’i hamam, 7’si çeşme, 6’sı kastel, 7’si köprü, 21’i han, 2’si bedesten 1’i kaledir.
Özgünlüğünü büyük ölçüde koruyarak gelen 115 yapının yanı sıra, çeşitli sebeplerle tamamen ortadan kaldırılmış veya orijinalliği tamamen kaybetmiş bir o kadar da yapı bulunmaktadır. Yapıların günümüze gelememesinin sebepleri arasında; deprem, yangın gibi doğal afetler; bilinçsiz onarımlar ve rant uğruna bilinçli şekilde yıkımları sayabiliriz. Bunların yanında, kuşkusuz en büyük sebep ise Gaziantep’in Kurtuluş Harbi’dir. Mimari eserlerin büyük çoğunluğu bu harpte yara almış veya yıkılmıştır. Şehrin çeşitli yerlerindeki bazı mimari eserlerde, hala savaşın izlerini görmek mümkündür. Mimari eserler, günümüzde bu izleri gazilik nişanı olarak gururla taşımaktadır.
İslam’ın Anadolu’ya yayılmasıyla birlikte, bölgeyi elinde tutan Zengiler, Eyyubiler ve Memlukler; hem Güneydoğu Anadolu bölgesinin bir kısmında, hem de Gaziantep’te bir takım mimari miraslar bırakmıştır. Bu devletlerden kalan miras, bölgedeki Beylikler ve Osmanlı mimari eserlerini de etkilemiş ve yörede şahsına münhasır bir üslup oluşmuştur. Payitaht’tan uzak olan Gaziantep’te, doğrudan Osmanlı etkisiyle yapılmış mimari eser, bir elin parmaklarını geçmez. Gaziantep’in kendine özgü üslubu, her yapı türünde kendini göstermektedir. Elbette bunda Gaziantep’in yerel banilerinin, mimarlarının ve ustalarının da katkıları vardır.
Bu çalışmamız ile Gaziantep’in maddi kültürel değerlerine ve mimari mirasının zenginliğine bir nebze katkı sağladığımız inancındayız. Yapıların birçoğunun tarihi, banisi, mimarı ve ustası bilinmemektedir. Buna rağmen elimizden geldiğince, elde ettiğimiz veriler ışığında, yapılar değerlendirilmeye ve tarihlendirilmeye çalışılmıştır. Şüphesiz ilerde bulunacak yeni verilerle birlikte, karanlık olan bilgiler aydınlığa kavuşacaktır. Bu uğurda gelecek araştırmacılara, küçük de olsa bir katkımız olacağı inancıyla çalışmamızı sunuyoruz.

La presente comunicación tiene como objetivo referir y
analizar la producción historiográfica de la arquitectura de los
siglos XVI y XVII en Michoacán; es decir, nos referimos a los hechos
urbano-arquitectónicos edificados en el periodo mencionado
y que han sido abordados por diversos autores a través del
tiempo en diversas disciplinas. Al aproximarnos hacia algunos
de los trabajos publicados sobre la arquitectura y el urbanismo
con los que cuenta alguna región de México, como el caso de
Michoacán, se puede percibir que la producción ha sido diversa,
con enfoques distintos, de acuerdo con el tiempo y con las
circunstancias.

El culto a las benditas ánimas del purgatorio es una tradición transmitida por las cofradías que llegaron del Reino de España a Colombia durante el siglo XVIII. Debido a las condiciones desiguales comunes al país, la devoción a las almas más necesitadas se convirtió en un eficaz recurso para mitigar la angustia que las personas enfrentan a la hora de afrontar las adversidades con las que conviven.

Resumen: En el período que transcurre entre las Exposiciones de Barcelona y Sevilla de 1929 y el estallido de la Guerra Civil en 1936 surge en España el interés por una disciplina que se dedica a estudiar el empleo racional de la iluminación eléctrica, la luminotecnia. En una época de crecimiento del interés por las aplicaciones de la elec-tricidad, la Asociación Española de Luminotecnia (AEL) aparece como un actor rele-vante en el proceso de difusión de los contenidos de su disciplina tanto entre los téc-nicos de otras especialidades como entre el público en general. Este artículo tiene como objetivo analizar su actuación en el ámbito de la divulgación científica en este período: sus vinculaciones con la industria eléctrica, qué tipo de contenidos genera-ron y pusieron en circulación y por qué vías, y cómo reaccionan los diversos públicos a estos contenidos. Atendiendo a que la primera gran actuación de la AEL fue la Ex-posición de la Luz en la Exposición Internacional de Barcelona...

Este artículo investiga las relaciones entre el Arte Locativo y la interpretación del patrimonio material y inmaterial de las ciudades. La discusión se basa en el análisis de la obra Rider Spoke y en la práctica artística de añadir historias personales al entorno urbanístico como una camada de información digital. La autora apunta para el aspecto simbólico de una memoria urbana, que es alimentada por los recuerdos de sus ciudadanos y construida por las historias vividas y compartidas en estos espacios.